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==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Late Latin ''praescientia'', from [[Latin]] ''praescient''-, ''praesciens'', present participle of ''praescire'' to know beforehand, from ''prae''- + ''scire'' to [[know]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]
==Definitions==
*1: foreknowledge of [[events]]:
:a : [[divine]] [[omniscience]]
:b : human [[anticipation]] of the [[course]] of events : [[foresight]]
==Description==
In [[parapsychology]], '''precognition''' (from the Latin ''præ''-, “before,” + ''cognitio'', “acquiring [[knowledge]]”), also called [[future]] [[sight]], and second sight, is a type of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrasensory_perception extrasensory perception] that would involve the acquisition or effect of [[future]] [[information]] that cannot be [[deduced]] from presently available and normally acquired [[sense]]-based information or [[laws]] of [[physics]] and/or nature. A premonition (from the Latin ''praemonēre'') and a presentiment are information about [[future]] events that is [[perceived]] as [[emotion]].
The [[existence]] of precognition, as with other forms of extrasensory perception, is not [[accepted]] as other than a purely [[psychological]] process by the [[mainstream]] [[scientific]] community because no replicable [[demonstration]], "on demand", has ever been achieved.
Scientific [[investigation]] of extrasensory perception (ESP) is [[complicated]] by the [[definition]] which implies that the [[phenomena]] go against established principles of [[science]]. Specifically, precognition would violate the [[principle]] that an effect cannot occur before its [[cause]]. However, there are established [[biases]], affecting human [[memory]] and [[judgment]] of [[probability]], that create convincing but [[false]] impressions of precognition.
One class of [[theories]] – principally as discussed, albeit in quite disparate ways, by Dunne (1927) and Saltmarsh (1938) – supposes that [[awareness]] is fundamentally [[Eternal|trans-temporal]], acquiring information beyond the "specious [[present]]" of [[information]] that is typically available for immediate awareness. While we are only ever consciously aware of some limited [[temporal]] range of information, these theories assert that, [[unconsciously]], a much wider temporal range of information is sampled and used for the benefit of the [[organism]].
Another class of [[theories]] is based on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_universe block universe] model, in which [[future]] [[events]] already exist in [[spacetime]], according to the special [[theory of relativity]]. The theories explain precognition as the retrieval of [[memories]] from the [[brain]] in the future, which could occur in a similar way to that in which ordinary memories are retrieved from the brain in the [[past]].
The theory proposed by Jon Taylor is based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bohm David Bohm]'s theory of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicate_order implicate order], which suggests that if similar [[structures]] are created at [[different]] places and different times, the structures [[resonate]] with a tendency to become more closely similar to one another. Taylor applies the [[principles]] to the neuronal spatiotemporal patterns that are activated in the [[brain]], to show how an information transfer could be produced. For example, a precognition would occur when the [[pattern]] activated at the time of the future experience of an event [[resonates]] with any similar pattern that is [[spontaneously]] activated in the [[present]]. This might enable the present activation to be sustained until it produces the [[conscious]] awareness of an event similar to the one that will be experienced in the future.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescience]
[[Category: Psychology]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Late Latin ''praescientia'', from [[Latin]] ''praescient''-, ''praesciens'', present participle of ''praescire'' to know beforehand, from ''prae''- + ''scire'' to [[know]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]
==Definitions==
*1: foreknowledge of [[events]]:
:a : [[divine]] [[omniscience]]
:b : human [[anticipation]] of the [[course]] of events : [[foresight]]
==Description==
In [[parapsychology]], '''precognition''' (from the Latin ''præ''-, “before,” + ''cognitio'', “acquiring [[knowledge]]”), also called [[future]] [[sight]], and second sight, is a type of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrasensory_perception extrasensory perception] that would involve the acquisition or effect of [[future]] [[information]] that cannot be [[deduced]] from presently available and normally acquired [[sense]]-based information or [[laws]] of [[physics]] and/or nature. A premonition (from the Latin ''praemonēre'') and a presentiment are information about [[future]] events that is [[perceived]] as [[emotion]].
The [[existence]] of precognition, as with other forms of extrasensory perception, is not [[accepted]] as other than a purely [[psychological]] process by the [[mainstream]] [[scientific]] community because no replicable [[demonstration]], "on demand", has ever been achieved.
Scientific [[investigation]] of extrasensory perception (ESP) is [[complicated]] by the [[definition]] which implies that the [[phenomena]] go against established principles of [[science]]. Specifically, precognition would violate the [[principle]] that an effect cannot occur before its [[cause]]. However, there are established [[biases]], affecting human [[memory]] and [[judgment]] of [[probability]], that create convincing but [[false]] impressions of precognition.
One class of [[theories]] – principally as discussed, albeit in quite disparate ways, by Dunne (1927) and Saltmarsh (1938) – supposes that [[awareness]] is fundamentally [[Eternal|trans-temporal]], acquiring information beyond the "specious [[present]]" of [[information]] that is typically available for immediate awareness. While we are only ever consciously aware of some limited [[temporal]] range of information, these theories assert that, [[unconsciously]], a much wider temporal range of information is sampled and used for the benefit of the [[organism]].
Another class of [[theories]] is based on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_universe block universe] model, in which [[future]] [[events]] already exist in [[spacetime]], according to the special [[theory of relativity]]. The theories explain precognition as the retrieval of [[memories]] from the [[brain]] in the future, which could occur in a similar way to that in which ordinary memories are retrieved from the brain in the [[past]].
The theory proposed by Jon Taylor is based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Bohm David Bohm]'s theory of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicate_order implicate order], which suggests that if similar [[structures]] are created at [[different]] places and different times, the structures [[resonate]] with a tendency to become more closely similar to one another. Taylor applies the [[principles]] to the neuronal spatiotemporal patterns that are activated in the [[brain]], to show how an information transfer could be produced. For example, a precognition would occur when the [[pattern]] activated at the time of the future experience of an event [[resonates]] with any similar pattern that is [[spontaneously]] activated in the [[present]]. This might enable the present activation to be sustained until it produces the [[conscious]] awareness of an event similar to the one that will be experienced in the future.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prescience]
[[Category: Psychology]]