Difference between revisions of "Prison"
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==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French, from [[Latin]] prehension-, prehensio act of seizing, from prehendere to seize | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French, from [[Latin]] prehension-, prehensio act of seizing, from prehendere to seize | ||
| − | *Date: [ | + | *Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_Century 12th century] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
*1 : a [[state]] of confinement or captivity | *1 : a [[state]] of confinement or captivity | ||
*2 : a place of confinement especially for lawbreakers; specifically : an [[institution]] (as one under [[state]] [[jurisdiction]]) for confinement of [[persons]] [[convicted]] of serious [[crimes]] | *2 : a place of confinement especially for lawbreakers; specifically : an [[institution]] (as one under [[state]] [[jurisdiction]]) for confinement of [[persons]] [[convicted]] of serious [[crimes]] | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
| − | A '''prison''' (from Old French prisoun) is a place in which people are [[physically]] confined and, usually, deprived of a range of [[personal]] [[freedoms]]. Other terms are penitentiary, correctional facility, and jail (or gaol), although in the United States "jail" and "prison" refer to [[different]] subtypes of correctional facility. Prisons are [[convention]]ally [[institutions]] which form part of the [ | + | A '''prison''' (from Old French prisoun) is a place in which people are [[physically]] confined and, usually, deprived of a range of [[personal]] [[freedoms]]. Other terms are penitentiary, correctional facility, and jail (or gaol), although in the United States "jail" and "prison" refer to [[different]] subtypes of correctional facility. Prisons are [[convention]]ally [[institutions]] which form part of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_justice criminal justice system] of a country, such that imprisonment or incarceration is a [[legal]] [[penalty]] that may be imposed by the [[state]] for the commission of a [[crime]]. |
| − | A criminal [ | + | A criminal [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspect suspect] who has been charged with or is likely to be charged with criminal [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offense_(law) offense] may be held on [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detention_of_suspects remand] in prison if he is denied or unable to meet conditions of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bail bail], or is unable or unwilling to post bail. A criminal defendant may also be held in prison while awaiting [[trial]] or a trial [[verdict]]. If found [[guilty]], a defendant will be convicted and may receive a custodial sentence requiring imprisonment. |
| − | As well as convicted or suspected criminals, prisons may be used for [ | + | As well as convicted or suspected criminals, prisons may be used for [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internment internment] of those not charged with a [[crime]]. Prisons may also be used as a [[tool]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_repression political repression] to detain political prisoners, prisoners of [[conscience]], and "enemies of the state", particularly by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authoritarianism authoritarian] [[regimes]]. In times of [[war]] or [[conflict]], prisoners of war may also be detained in prisons. A prison system is the [[organizational]] arrangement of the provision and operation of prisons, and depending on their [[nature]], may invoke a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrections corrections] [[system]]. Although people have been imprisoned throughout [[history]], they have also regularly been able to perform [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_escape prison escapes]. |
[[Category: Law]] | [[Category: Law]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:36, 13 December 2020
Etymology
Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin prehension-, prehensio act of seizing, from prehendere to seize
- Date: 12th century
Definitions
- 1 : a state of confinement or captivity
- 2 : a place of confinement especially for lawbreakers; specifically : an institution (as one under state jurisdiction) for confinement of persons convicted of serious crimes
Description
A prison (from Old French prisoun) is a place in which people are physically confined and, usually, deprived of a range of personal freedoms. Other terms are penitentiary, correctional facility, and jail (or gaol), although in the United States "jail" and "prison" refer to different subtypes of correctional facility. Prisons are conventionally institutions which form part of the criminal justice system of a country, such that imprisonment or incarceration is a legal penalty that may be imposed by the state for the commission of a crime.
A criminal suspect who has been charged with or is likely to be charged with criminal offense may be held on remand in prison if he is denied or unable to meet conditions of bail, or is unable or unwilling to post bail. A criminal defendant may also be held in prison while awaiting trial or a trial verdict. If found guilty, a defendant will be convicted and may receive a custodial sentence requiring imprisonment.
As well as convicted or suspected criminals, prisons may be used for internment of those not charged with a crime. Prisons may also be used as a tool of political repression to detain political prisoners, prisoners of conscience, and "enemies of the state", particularly by authoritarian regimes. In times of war or conflict, prisoners of war may also be detained in prisons. A prison system is the organizational arrangement of the provision and operation of prisons, and depending on their nature, may invoke a corrections system. Although people have been imprisoned throughout history, they have also regularly been able to perform prison escapes.
