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==Etymology==
==Etymology==
[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] querelose, from [[Latin]] querulus, from queri to complain
[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] querelose, from [[Latin]] querulus, from queri to complain
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Century 15th century]
*Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Century 15th century]
==Definitions==
==Definitions==
*1 : [[habitually]] complaining
*1 : [[habitually]] complaining
*2 : fretful, whining <a querulous [[voice]]>
*2 : fretful, whining <a querulous [[voice]]>
*3 : [http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peevish Peevish]
*3 : [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peevish Peevish]
==Qaurrellous==
==Qaurrellous==
From post-classical Latin querelosus (also querellosus) quarrelsome, complaining (Vulgate; 3rd cent.), [[painful]], distressing (4th or 5th cent. in Augustine), of or relating to a dispute (6th cent.). In sense 2 after Middle French querelleux plaintive (1483 in the passage translated in quot. 1490 at sense 2; c1260 in Old French as querelous, quereleus in sense ‘quarrelsome, litigious’, and subsequently in this sense from the first half of the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 16th cent]. (at first in spec. sense ‘keen on lawsuits’); French querelleux). Compare Catalan querellós complaining, quarrelsome (late 13th cent. as querelos), Spanish querelloso plaintive (first half of the 13th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. as noun in spec. sense ‘'''''plaintiff'''''’), Portuguese quereloso quarrelsome, given to complaining (13th cent.), Italian quereloso given to complaining
From post-classical Latin querelosus (also querellosus) quarrelsome, complaining (Vulgate; 3rd cent.), [[painful]], distressing (4th or 5th cent. in Augustine), of or relating to a dispute (6th cent.). In sense 2 after Middle French querelleux plaintive (1483 in the passage translated in quot. 1490 at sense 2; c1260 in Old French as querelous, quereleus in sense ‘quarrelsome, litigious’, and subsequently in this sense from the first half of the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 16th cent]. (at first in spec. sense ‘keen on lawsuits’); French querelleux). Compare Catalan querellós complaining, quarrelsome (late 13th cent. as querelos), Spanish querelloso plaintive (first half of the 13th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. as noun in spec. sense ‘'''''plaintiff'''''’), Portuguese quereloso quarrelsome, given to complaining (13th cent.), Italian quereloso given to complaining
==Plaintiff==
==Plaintiff==
A plaintiff (Π in legal shorthand), also known as a claimant or ''complainant'', is the party who initiates a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuit lawsuit] (also known as an [[action]]) before a [[court]]. By doing so, the plaintiff seeks a [[legal]] remedy, and if successful, the [[court]] will issue [[judgment]] in [[favor]] of the plaintiff and make the appropriate court order (e.g., an order for damages).
A plaintiff (Π in legal shorthand), also known as a claimant or ''complainant'', is the party who initiates a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawsuit lawsuit] (also known as an [[action]]) before a [[court]]. By doing so, the plaintiff seeks a [[legal]] remedy, and if successful, the [[court]] will issue [[judgment]] in [[favor]] of the plaintiff and make the appropriate court order (e.g., an order for damages).
In some [[jurisdictions]] the commencement of a lawsuit is done by filing a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summons summons], claim form and/or a complaint — these [[documents]] are known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleading pleadings] — that set forth the alleged wrongs [[committed]] by the defendant or defendants with a demand for relief. In other [[jurisdictions]] the [[action]] is commenced by [[service]] of [[legal]] [[process]] by delivery of these [[documents]] on the defendant by a process server; they are only filed with the [[court]] subsequently with an affidavit from the process server that they had been given to the defendant(s) according to the rules of civil [[procedure]].
In some [[jurisdictions]] the commencement of a lawsuit is done by filing a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summons summons], claim form and/or a complaint — these [[documents]] are known as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleading pleadings] — that set forth the alleged wrongs [[committed]] by the defendant or defendants with a demand for relief. In other [[jurisdictions]] the [[action]] is commenced by [[service]] of [[legal]] [[process]] by delivery of these [[documents]] on the defendant by a process server; they are only filed with the [[court]] subsequently with an affidavit from the process server that they had been given to the defendant(s) according to the rules of civil [[procedure]].
Not all lawsuits are [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plenary plenary] actions, involving a full [[trial]] on the merits of the case. There are also simplified procedures, often called ''proceedings'', in which the parties are termed petitioner instead of plaintiff, and respondent instead of defendant. There are also cases that do not technically involve two sides, such as [[petitions]] for specific statutory relief that require judicial approval; in those cases there are no respondents, just a petitioner.
Not all lawsuits are [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plenary plenary] actions, involving a full [[trial]] on the merits of the case. There are also simplified procedures, often called ''proceedings'', in which the parties are termed petitioner instead of plaintiff, and respondent instead of defendant. There are also cases that do not technically involve two sides, such as [[petitions]] for specific statutory relief that require judicial approval; in those cases there are no respondents, just a petitioner.
A plaintiff identified by name in a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_action class action] is called a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_plaintiff named plaintiff].
A plaintiff identified by name in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_action class action] is called a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Named_plaintiff named plaintiff].
The party to whom the complaint is against is the defendant; or in the case of a [[petition]], a respondent. Case names are usually given with the plaintiff first, as in Plaintiff v. Defendant.
The party to whom the complaint is against is the defendant; or in the case of a [[petition]], a respondent. Case names are usually given with the plaintiff first, as in Plaintiff v. Defendant.