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==Origin==
==Origin==
French réfugié, past participle of (se) réfugier to take refuge, from Middle French refugier, from [[Latin]] refugium
French réfugié, past participle of (se) réfugier to take refuge, from Middle French refugier, from [[Latin]] refugium
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1685]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1685]
==Definition==
==Definition==
*: one that flees; especially : a [[person]] who flees to a foreign country or [[power]] to [[escape]] [[danger]] or [[persecution]]
*: one that flees; especially : a [[person]] who flees to a foreign country or [[power]] to [[escape]] [[danger]] or [[persecution]]
==Description==
==Description==
A '''refugee''' is defined by the United Nations [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees] of 1951 as a person who (according to the formal definition in article 1A of this Convention) "owing to a well-founded [[fear]] of being [[persecuted]] for reasons of [[race]], [[religion]], nationality, membership of a particular [[social]] [[group]], or political [[opinion]], is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such [[fear]], is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country". The [[concept]] of a refugee was expanded by the Convention's 1967 Protocol and by regional conventions in Africa and Latin America to include [[persons]] who had fled [[war]] or other [[violence]] in their [[home]] country. Refugee [[women]] and [[children]] represent an additional subsection of refugees that need special [[attention]].
A '''refugee''' is defined by the United Nations [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees] of 1951 as a person who (according to the formal definition in article 1A of this Convention) "owing to a well-founded [[fear]] of being [[persecuted]] for reasons of [[race]], [[religion]], nationality, membership of a particular [[social]] [[group]], or political [[opinion]], is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such [[fear]], is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country". The [[concept]] of a refugee was expanded by the Convention's 1967 Protocol and by regional conventions in Africa and Latin America to include [[persons]] who had fled [[war]] or other [[violence]] in their [[home]] country. Refugee [[women]] and [[children]] represent an additional subsection of refugees that need special [[attention]].
Refugees were defined as a [[legal]] [[group]] in [[response]] to the large numbers of people fleeing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europe Eastern Europe] following [[World War II]]. The lead international agency coordinating refugee protection is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees] (UNHCR), which counted 8,400,000 refugees worldwide at the beginning of 2006. This was the lowest number since 1980. The major exception is the 4,600,000 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_refugee Palestinian refugees] under the [[authority]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Relief_and_Works_Agency_for_Palestine_Refugees_in_the_Near_East United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East] (UNRWA), who are the only group to be granted refugee [[status]] to the descendants of refugees according to the above definition. The U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants gives the world total as 62,000,000 refugees and estimates there are over 34,000,000 displaced by war, including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internally_displaced_person internally displaced persons], who remain within the same national borders. The [[majority]] of refugees who leave their country seek [[asylum]] in countries neighboring their country of nationality. The "durable solutions" to refugee [[populations]], as defined by UNHCR and governments, are: [[voluntary]] repatriation to the country of [[origin]]; local [[integration]] into the country of asylum; and resettlement to a third country.
Refugees were defined as a [[legal]] [[group]] in [[response]] to the large numbers of people fleeing [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Europe Eastern Europe] following [[World War II]]. The lead international agency coordinating refugee protection is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees] (UNHCR), which counted 8,400,000 refugees worldwide at the beginning of 2006. This was the lowest number since 1980. The major exception is the 4,600,000 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestinian_refugee Palestinian refugees] under the [[authority]] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Relief_and_Works_Agency_for_Palestine_Refugees_in_the_Near_East United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East] (UNRWA), who are the only group to be granted refugee [[status]] to the descendants of refugees according to the above definition. The U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants gives the world total as 62,000,000 refugees and estimates there are over 34,000,000 displaced by war, including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internally_displaced_person internally displaced persons], who remain within the same national borders. The [[majority]] of refugees who leave their country seek [[asylum]] in countries neighboring their country of nationality. The "durable solutions" to refugee [[populations]], as defined by UNHCR and governments, are: [[voluntary]] repatriation to the country of [[origin]]; local [[integration]] into the country of asylum; and resettlement to a third country.
As of December 31, 2005, the largest source countries of refugees are Afghanistan, Iraq, Myanmar, Sudan, and the Palestinian Territories. The country with the largest number of IDPs is Sudan, with over 5 million. As of 2006, with 800,000 refugees and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internally_displaced_person IDP]s, Azerbaijan had the highest per capita IDP population in the world.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refugees]
As of December 31, 2005, the largest source countries of refugees are Afghanistan, Iraq, Myanmar, Sudan, and the Palestinian Territories. The country with the largest number of IDPs is Sudan, with over 5 million. As of 2006, with 800,000 refugees and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internally_displaced_person IDP]s, Azerbaijan had the highest per capita IDP population in the world.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refugees]
[[Category: Political Science]]
[[Category: Political Science]]