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'''Semiotics''', also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign [[process]]es (semiosis), or signification and [[communication]], signs and [[symbols]], both [[individual]]ly and grouped into sign [[system]]s. It includes the study of how [[meaning]] is constructed and understood.

'''Semiotics''', also called semiotic studies or semiology, is the study of sign [[process]]es (semiosis), or signification and [[communication]], signs and [[symbols]], both [[individual]]ly and grouped into sign [[system]]s. It includes the study of how [[meaning]] is constructed and understood.

*Pragmatics: Relation of signs to their impacts on those who use them.

*Pragmatics: Relation of signs to their impacts on those who use them.

Semiotics is frequently seen as having important [[anthropological]] dimensions, for example [[Umberto Eco]] proposes that every cultural [[phenomenon]] can be studied as [[communication]]. However, some semioticians [[focus]] on the [[logic]]al [[dimensions]] of the [[science]]. They examine areas belonging also to the natural sciences - such as how [[organism]]s make predictions about, and adapt to, their semiotic niche in the world (see semiosis). In general, semiotic theories take signs or sign systems as their object of study: the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics or zoosemiosis.

Semiotics is frequently seen as having important [[anthropological]] dimensions, for example [[Umberto Eco]] proposes that every cultural [[phenomenon]] can be studied as [[communication]]. However, some semioticians [[focus]] on the [[logic]]al [[dimensions]] of the [[science]]. They examine areas belonging also to the natural sciences - such as how [[organism]]s make predictions about, and adapt to, their semiotic niche in the world (see semiosis). In general, semiotic theories take signs or sign systems as their object of study: the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics or zoosemiosis.

Perhaps more difficult is the distinction between semiotics and the philosophy of language. In a sense, the difference is a difference of traditions more than a difference of subjects. Different authors have called themselves "philosopher of language" or "semiotician". This difference does not match the separation between analytic and continental philosophy. On a closer look, there may be found some differences regarding subjects. <u>Philosophy of language pays more attention to natural languages or to languages in general, while semiotics is deeply concerned about non-linguistic signification</u>. Philosophy of language also bears a stronger connection to linguistics, while semiotics is closer to some of the humanities (including [[literary theory]]) and to cultural [[anthropology]].

Perhaps more difficult is the distinction between semiotics and the philosophy of language. In a sense, the difference is a difference of traditions more than a difference of subjects. Different authors have called themselves "philosopher of language" or "semiotician". This difference does not match the separation between analytic and continental philosophy. On a closer look, there may be found some differences regarding subjects. <u>Philosophy of language pays more attention to natural languages or to languages in general, while semiotics is deeply concerned about non-linguistic signification</u>. Philosophy of language also bears a stronger connection to linguistics, while semiotics is closer to some of the humanities (including [[literary theory]]) and to cultural [[anthropology]].

Semiosis or semeiosis is the process that forms meaning from any organism's apprehension of the world through signs.

Semiosis or semeiosis is the process that forms meaning from any organism's apprehension of the world through signs.

==]History==

==History==

The importance of signs and signification has been recognized throughout much of the [[history]] of [[philosophy]], and in [[psychology]] as well. Plato and Aristotle both explored the relationship between signs and the world, and Augustine considered the nature of the sign within a conventional system. These theories have had a lasting effect in Western philosophy, especially through Scholastic philosophy. More recently, Umberto Eco, in his Semiotics and philosophy of language, has argued that semiotic theories are implicit in the work of most, perhaps all, major thinkers.

The importance of signs and signification has been recognized throughout much of the [[history]] of [[philosophy]], and in [[psychology]] as well. [[Plato]] and [[Aristotle]] both explored the [[relationship]] between signs and the world, and [[Augustine]] considered the [[nature]] of the sign within a [[convention]]al [[system]]. These theories have had a lasting effect in Western philosophy, especially through Scholastic philosophy. More recently, Umberto Eco, in his Semiotics and philosophy of language, has argued that semiotic theories are implicit in the work of most, perhaps all, major thinkers.

Early theorists in this area include Charles W. Morris.[7] Max Black attributes the work of Bertrand Russell as being seminal.[8][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics]

Early theorists in this area include Charles W. Morris.[7] Max Black attributes the work of Bertrand Russell as being seminal.[8][https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics]

* [https://pauillac.inria.fr/~codognet/web.html The Semiotics of the Web]

[[Category: Philosophy]]

[[Category: Philosophy]]

[[Category: Languages and Literature]]

[[Category: Languages and Literature]]