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<center>For lessons on the related [[topic]] of '''''[[Solitude]]''''', follow [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Solitude '''''this link'''''].</center>

<center>For lessons on the related [[topic]] of '''''[[Solitude]]''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Solitude '''''this link'''''].</center>

==Health effects==

==Health effects==

Symptoms from externally imposed isolation often include anxiety, sensory [[illusion]]s, or even distortions of [[time]] and [[perception]]. However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people. Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided. [http://www.eastandard.net/archives/august/wed25082004/executives/upfront/upfront02.htm]

Symptoms from externally imposed isolation often include anxiety, sensory [[illusion]]s, or even distortions of [[time]] and [[perception]]. However, this is the case when there is no stimulation of the sensory systems at all, and not only lack of contact with people. Thus, by having other things to keep one's mind busy, this is avoided. [https://www.eastandard.net/archives/august/wed25082004/executives/upfront/upfront02.htm]

Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical [[depression]]. However, for some people, solitude is not entirely depressing. Still others (e.g. monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of [[spirituality|spiritual enlightenment]]. Indeed, marooned people have been left in solitude for years without any report of psychological symptoms afterwards.

Still, long-term solitude is often seen as undesirable, causing loneliness or reclusion resulting from inability to establish interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, it might even lead to clinical [[depression]]. However, for some people, solitude is not entirely depressing. Still others (e.g. monks) regard long-term solitude as a means of [[spirituality|spiritual enlightenment]]. Indeed, marooned people have been left in solitude for years without any report of psychological symptoms afterwards.

John T. Cacioppo's, University of Chicago, 2008 book, ''Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection'', outlines five distinct pathways through which social isolation contributes to increased illness and early death. He also offers an evolutionary rationale for why the subjective sense of social isolation--loneliness--is so profoundly disruptive to human physiology that it impairs [[cognition]] and [[free will|will]] power, alters DNA transcription in immune cells, and leads over time to high blood pressure. [http://www.scienceofloneliness.com ISBN 978-0-393-06170-3]

John T. Cacioppo's, University of Chicago, 2008 book, ''Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection'', outlines five distinct pathways through which social isolation contributes to increased illness and early death. He also offers an evolutionary rationale for why the subjective sense of social isolation--loneliness--is so profoundly disruptive to human physiology that it impairs [[cognition]] and [[free will|will]] power, alters DNA transcription in immune cells, and leads over time to high blood pressure. [https://www.scienceofloneliness.com ISBN 978-0-393-06170-3]

Enforced loneliness (solitary confinement) has been a punishment method throughout [[history]]. It is often considered a form of [[torture]].

Enforced loneliness (solitary confinement) has been a punishment method throughout [[history]]. It is often considered a form of [[torture]].

In addition, psychiatric institutions may also institute full isolation or partial isolation for certain patients, particularly the violent or subversive, in order to minister to their particular needs and protect the rest of the recovering population from their influence.

In addition, psychiatric institutions may also institute full isolation or partial isolation for certain patients, particularly the violent or subversive, in order to minister to their particular needs and protect the rest of the recovering population from their influence.

==Quotation==

==Quotation==

Evolutionary man does not naturally relish hard work. To keep pace in his life [[experience]] with the impelling demands and the compelling urges of a growing religious experience means incessant activity in [[spiritual]] growth,[[ intellect]]ual expansion, [[fact]]ual enlargement, and social service. There is no real [[religion]] apart from a highly active [[personality]]. Therefore do the more indolent of men often seek to escape the rigors of truly religious activities by a species of ingenious self-deception through resorting to a retreat to the false shelter of stereotyped religious doctrines and dogmas. But true religion is alive. [[Intellectual]] crystallization of religious [[concepts]] is the equivalent of spiritual death. You cannot conceive of religion without [[idea]]s, but when religion once becomes reduced only to an idea, it is no longer religion; it has become merely a species of human [[philosophy]].[http://mercy.urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=http://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper102.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper102.html&line=56#mfs]

Evolutionary man does not naturally relish hard work. To keep pace in his life [[experience]] with the impelling demands and the compelling urges of a growing religious experience means incessant activity in [[spiritual]] growth,[[ intellect]]ual expansion, [[fact]]ual enlargement, and social service. There is no real [[religion]] apart from a highly active [[personality]]. Therefore do the more indolent of men often seek to escape the rigors of truly religious activities by a species of ingenious self-deception through resorting to a retreat to the false shelter of stereotyped religious doctrines and dogmas. But true religion is alive. [[Intellectual]] crystallization of religious [[concepts]] is the equivalent of spiritual death. You cannot conceive of religion without [[idea]]s, but when religion once becomes reduced only to an idea, it is no longer religion; it has become merely a species of human [[philosophy]].[https://mercy.urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=https://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper102.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper102.html&line=56#mfs]

==References==

==References==

#http://www.eastandard.net/archives/august/wed25082004/executives/upfront/upfront02.htm

#https://www.eastandard.net/archives/august/wed25082004/executives/upfront/upfront02.htm

#http://www.scienceofloneliness.com/  John T. & William Patrick (2008) Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection, W.W. Norton & Co., New York. ISBN 978-0-393-06170-3

#https://www.scienceofloneliness.com/  John T. & William Patrick (2008) Loneliness: Human Nature and the Need for Social Connection, W.W. Norton & Co., New York. ISBN 978-0-393-06170-3

#Maltsberger, J.T., M. Pompili and R. Tatarelli (2006). "Sandro Morselli: Schizophrenic Solitude, Suicide, and Psychotherapy". Suicide & Life Threatening Behavior '36' (5): 591–600. doi:10.1521/suli.2006.36.5.591. PMID 17087638.  

#Maltsberger, J.T., M. Pompili and R. Tatarelli (2006). "Sandro Morselli: Schizophrenic Solitude, Suicide, and Psychotherapy". Suicide & Life Threatening Behavior '36' (5): 591–600. doi:10.1521/suli.2006.36.5.591. PMID 17087638.  

==External links==

==External links==

* Solitude vs. Loneliness [http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/index.php?term=pto-20030825-000001&print=1]

* Solitude vs. Loneliness [https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/index.php?term=pto-20030825-000001&print=1]

* The Call of Solitude [http://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/index.php?term=pto-19980201-000034&print=1]

* The Call of Solitude [https://www.psychologytoday.com/articles/index.php?term=pto-19980201-000034&print=1]

[[Category:Sociology]]

[[Category:Sociology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]