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Line 84: − ==See also==+ − * ''[[Seigniorage]]'', the sovereign power to issue money − * ''[[Basileus]]'' − * [[Rousseau]]'s classic theory of [[popular sovereignty]] − * [[Carl Schmitt]]'s theory of sovereignty as the power to ''decide'' the instauration of the [[state of emergency|state of exception]] (according to [[Giorgio Agamben]], a response to [[Walter Benjamin]]'s theorization of a "pure violence" unrelated with law) − * [[Colonization]] − * [[Constitutive theory of statehood]] − * [[Declarative theory of statehood]] − * [[Dictatorship]] − * [[Divine right of kings]] ([[Jean Bodin|Bodin]], [[Thomas Hobbes|Hobbes]], etc.) − * [[Leadership]] − * [[Montevideo Convention]] − * [[Neo-medievalism]] − * [[Non-Intervention|Non-intervention]] − * [[Plenary authority]] − * [[Puerto Rican Independence Movement]] − * [[Puerto Rican Independence Party]] − * [[Self-determination]] − * [[Self-ownership]] − * [[Social contract]] theories (Hobbes, [[John Locke|Locke]], [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau|Rousseau]]) − * [[State]] − * [[Suzerainty]] − * [[Parliamentary sovereignty]] − * [[Popular sovereignty]] − * [[Sovereigntist]] − * [[Westphalian sovereignty]] − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − +
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[[Image:lighterstill.jpg]]
[[Image:lighterstill.jpg]]
[[Image:Sovgood.jpg|right|frame|<center>a [[state]] of love?</center>]]
[[Image:Sovgood.jpg|right|frame|<center>a [[state]] of [[love]]?</center>]]
'''Sovereignty''' is the exclusive right to exercise supreme [[political]] (e.g. legislative, judicial, and/or executive) [[authority]] over a geographic region, group of people, or oneself. A ''sovereign'' is the supreme lawmaking authority, subject to no other, and most often the [[head of state]]. Thus the legal maxim, "there is no law without a sovereign."
'''Sovereignty''' is the exclusive right to exercise supreme [[political]] (e.g. legislative, judicial, and/or executive) [[authority]] over a geographic region, group of people, or oneself. A ''sovereign'' is the supreme lawmaking authority, subject to no other, and most often the [[head of state]]. Thus the legal maxim, "there is no law without a sovereign."
==Notion==
==Notion==
The source or justification of sovereignty ("by God" or "by people") must be distinguished from its exercise by branches of government. In [[democratic]] states, [[popular sovereignty|sovereignty]] is held by the people. This is known as [[popular sovereignty]]; it may be exercised directly, as in a [[popular assembly]], or, more commonly, indirectly through the election of representatives to government. This is known as a [[representative democracy]], a system of government currently used in most western nations and former colonies. Popular sovereignty also exists in other forms, such as in [[constitutional monarchies]], usually identical in political reality as in the [[Commonwealth Realm]]s. Systems of representative democracy can also be mixed with other methods of government, for instance the use of [[referendum|referenda]] in many countries .
The source or justification of sovereignty ("by God" or "by people") must be distinguished from its exercise by branches of government. In [[democratic]] states, [[popular sovereignty|sovereignty]] is held by the people. This is known as [[popular sovereignty]]; it may be exercised directly, as in a [[popular assembly]], or, more commonly, indirectly through the election of representatives to government. This is known as a [[representative democracy]], a system of government currently used in most western nations and former colonies. Popular sovereignty also exists in other forms, such as in [[constitutional monarchies]], usually identical in political reality as in the [[Commonwealth Realm]]s. Systems of representative democracy can also be mixed with other methods of government, for instance the use of [[referendum|referenda]] in many countries .
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<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''[[Sovereignty]]''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Sovereignty this link].</center>
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In this model, national sovereignty is of an eternal origin, such as nature, or a god, legitimating the [[Divine Right of Kings|divine right of kings]] in [[absolute monarchy|absolute monarchies]] or a [[theocracy]].
In this model, national sovereignty is of an eternal origin, such as nature, or a god, legitimating the [[Divine Right of Kings|divine right of kings]] in [[absolute monarchy|absolute monarchies]] or a [[theocracy]].
The adjective form can also be used in a Monarch's full style, as in pre-imperial Russia, 16 January, 1547 - 22 November, 1721: ''Bozhiyeyu Milostiyu Velikiy/Velikaya '''Gosudar'/Gosudarynya''' Tsar'/Tsaritsa i Velikiy/Velikaya Knyaz'/Knyaginya N.N. vseya Rossiy Samodyerzhets'' "By the Grace of God Great '''Sovereign Tsar'''/Tsarina and Grand Prince/Princess, N.N., of All Russia, Autocrat"
The adjective form can also be used in a Monarch's full style, as in pre-imperial Russia, 16 January, 1547 - 22 November, 1721: ''Bozhiyeyu Milostiyu Velikiy/Velikaya '''Gosudar'/Gosudarynya''' Tsar'/Tsaritsa i Velikiy/Velikaya Knyaz'/Knyaginya N.N. vseya Rossiy Samodyerzhets'' "By the Grace of God Great '''Sovereign Tsar'''/Tsarina and Grand Prince/Princess, N.N., of All Russia, Autocrat"
==References==
==References==
* [http://www.law.ufl.edu/faculty/publications/pdf/sov.pdf The Changing Character of Sovereignty in International Law and International Relations] by Winston P. Nagan and Craig Hammer of the Levine College of Law, University of Florida
* [https://www.law.ufl.edu/faculty/publications/pdf/sov.pdf The Changing Character of Sovereignty in International Law and International Relations] by Winston P. Nagan and Craig Hammer of the Levine College of Law, University of Florida
* [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sovereign&searchmode=none Etymology OnLine]
* [https://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=sovereign&searchmode=none Etymology OnLine]
* [http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sovereignty/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry]
* [https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/sovereignty/ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry]
* [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=990885 The Extinction of Nation-States]
* [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=990885 The Extinction of Nation-States]
* [http://kennedy.byu.edu/partners/WFPC/alrfouh.html Protection of national sovereign rights under international law]
* [https://kennedy.byu.edu/partners/WFPC/alrfouh.html Protection of national sovereign rights under international law]
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/ WorldStatesmen]
* [https://www.worldstatesmen.org/ WorldStatesmen]
* ''[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2882397.stm Catalan bid for 'sovereignty']'', BBC NEWS
* ''[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2882397.stm Catalan bid for 'sovereignty']'', BBC NEWS
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.burneylawfirm.com/international_law_primer.htm A Brief Primer on International Law]
*[https://www.burneylawfirm.com/international_law_primer.htm A Brief Primer on International Law]
*[http://www.un.org Official United Nations website]
*[https://www.un.org Official United Nations website]
*[http://www.un.org/law Official UN website on International Law]
*[https://www.un.org/law Official UN website on International Law]
*[http://www.icj-cij.org/ Official website of the International Court of Justice]
*[https://www.icj-cij.org/ Official website of the International Court of Justice]
[[Category: General Reference]]
[[Category: General Reference]]
[[Category: Political Science]]
[[Category: Political Science]]
