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==Etymology==

==Etymology==

OF. estandard, -art, -estendard, -art (mod.F. étendard) = med.L. standardum, -us, standarium, etc. Pr. estandard, -art, Sp., Pg. estandarte, It. stendardo; according to most scholars f. com. Rom. estend-ere (L. extend-re to stretch out: see EXTEND v.) + -ARD; a parallel synonymous formation with different suffix is It. stendale, late OF. estandale, -deille (med.L. standale, -lis). The Fr. word has passed into all the living Teut. langs.: MHG. stanthart (by popular etymology, as if ‘stand hard’), later standart, standert (mod.G. standarte), MDu. standaert (mod.Du. standaard, standerd), Da. standart, Sw. standar.

OF. estandard, -art, -estendard, -art (mod.F. étendard) = med.L. standardum, -us, standarium, etc. Pr. estandard, -art, Sp., Pg. estandarte, It. stendardo; according to most scholars f. com. Rom. estend-ere (L. extend-re to stretch out: see EXTEND v.) + -ARD; a parallel synonymous formation with different suffix is It. stendale, late OF. estandale, -deille (med.L. standale, -lis). The Fr. word has passed into all the living Teut. langs.: MHG. stanthart (by popular etymology, as if ‘stand hard’), later standart, standert (mod.G. standarte), MDu. standaert (mod.Du. standaard, standerd), Da. standart, Sw. standar.

==Definition==

==Definition==

*A. n.  I. A military or naval ensign.

*A. n.  I. A military or naval ensign.

::b. In certain occasional uses. standard of trade: a merchant ensign. standard of truce: a flag of truce hoisted on a pole. Obs.

::b. In certain occasional uses. standard of trade: a merchant ensign. standard of truce: a flag of truce hoisted on a pole. Obs.

:3. = STANDARD-BEARER.

:3. STANDARD-BEARER.

:4. A body of troops kept in reserve in the earlier part of an engagement. Obs.

:4. A body of troops kept in reserve in the earlier part of an engagement. Obs.

:9. a. The authorized exemplar of a unit of measure or weight; e.g. a measuring rod of unit length; a vessel of unit capacity, or a mass of metal of unit weight, preserved in the custody of public officers as a permanent evidence of the legally prescribed magnitude of the unit.

:9. a. The authorized exemplar of a unit of measure or weight; e.g. a measuring rod of unit length; a vessel of unit capacity, or a mass of metal of unit weight, preserved in the custody of public officers as a permanent evidence of the legally prescribed magnitude of the unit.

  original standard: the standard of which the others are copies, and to which the ultimate appeal must be made.

original standard: the standard of which the others are copies, and to which the ultimate appeal must be made.

::b. In abstract sense: The legal magnitude of a unit of measure or weight.

::b. In abstract sense: The legal magnitude of a unit of measure or weight.

:12. a. A definite level of excellence, attainment, wealth, or the like, or a definite degree of any quality, viewed as a prescribed object of endeavour or as the measure of what is adequate for some purpose.

:12. a. A definite level of excellence, attainment, wealth, or the like, or a definite degree of any quality, viewed as a prescribed object of endeavour or as the measure of what is adequate for some purpose.

  standard of living, life, comfort: the view prevailing in a community or class with regard to the minimum of material comfort with which it is reasonable to be content.

standard of living, life, comfort: the view prevailing in a community or class with regard to the minimum of material comfort with which it is reasonable to be content.

::b. In British and Commonwealth elementary schools: Each of the recognized degrees of proficiency, as tested by examination, according to which school children may be classified. Also transf., the form or class in which pupils are prepared for a particular standard.

::b. In British and Commonwealth elementary schools: Each of the recognized degrees of proficiency, as tested by examination, according to which school children may be classified. Also transf., the form or class in which pupils are prepared for a particular standard.

  The sixth used to be the highest standard which children were ordinarily required to pass, the seventh being intended mainly for those who were to become teachers.

 

The sixth used to be the highest standard which children were ordinarily required to pass, the seventh being intended mainly for those who were to become teachers.

:13.    a. Some fixed numerical quantity. (? A quarter hundred, 25.) Obs.

:13.    a. Some fixed numerical quantity. (? A quarter hundred, 25.) Obs.

:14. A kind of arrow (distinguished from ‘bearing arrow’ and ‘flight’). Obs.

:14. A kind of arrow (distinguished from ‘bearing arrow’ and ‘flight’). Obs.

  Perh. short for ‘standard arrow’, which occurs in later citations of 16th c. documents. See quot. 1465.

Perh. short for ‘standard arrow’, which occurs in later citations of 16th c. documents. See quot. 1465.

:15. The market price per ton of copper in the ore.

:15. The market price per ton of copper in the ore.

:17. A lofty erection of timber or stone, containing a vertical conduit pipe with spouts and taps, for the supply of water to the public. Obs.

:17. A lofty erection of timber or stone, containing a vertical conduit pipe with spouts and taps, for the supply of water to the public. Obs.

  ‘The Standard in Cornhill’ continued as the name of a point from which distances were measured, long after the ‘standard’ had disappeared.

‘The Standard in Cornhill’ continued as the name of a point from which distances were measured, long after the ‘standard’ had disappeared.

:18. a. A tall candlestick. Now spec. a tall candlestick (or, in recent use, an upright gas candelabrum) rising directly from the floor of a church.

:18. a. A tall candlestick. Now spec. a tall candlestick (or, in recent use, an upright gas candelabrum) rising directly from the floor of a church.

A technical standard may be developed privately or unilaterally, for example by a corporation, regulatory body, military, etc. Standards can also be developed by groups such as trade unions, and trade associations. Standards organizations often have more diverse input and usually develop voluntary standards: these might become mandatory if adopted by a government, business contract, etc.

A technical standard may be developed privately or unilaterally, for example by a corporation, regulatory body, military, etc. Standards can also be developed by groups such as trade unions, and trade associations. Standards organizations often have more diverse input and usually develop voluntary standards: these might become mandatory if adopted by a government, business contract, etc.

The standardization process may be by edict or may involve the formal consensus [1] of technical experts.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard]

The standardization process may be by edict or may involve the formal consensus [1] of technical experts.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard]

 

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]