Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] dongeon, donjon, from Anglo-French donjun, from Vulgar [[Latin]] *domnion-, domnio keep, mastery, from [[Latin]] dominus lord — more at [[dominate]]

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] dongeon, donjon, from Anglo-French donjun, from Vulgar [[Latin]] *domnion-, domnio keep, mastery, from [[Latin]] dominus lord — more at [[dominate]]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]

The word '''dungeon''' comes from Old French donjon (also spelt dongon), which in its earliest usage, meant "a keep, the main tower of a castle which formed the final [[defensive]] position to which the garrison could retreat when outer [[fortifications]] were overcome". The first recorded instance of the [[word]] in [[English]] near the beginning of the 14th century also meant "an underground [[prison]] cell beneath the castle keep". While some sources cite Medieval Latin dom(i)niōn- "[[property]]" (and ultimately dominus "lord") as the [[original]] [[source]], it is more likely that the [[word]] derives from the Frankish *dungjo, *dungjon- ("dungeon, vault, bower"), from Proto-Germanic *dungjōn, *dungō ("a cover, enclosed space, treasury, vault"), from Proto-Indo-European *dhengh- ("to cover, hide, conceal"), related to Old High German tung ("a cellar, underground living quarter"), [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] dung ("a dungeon, [[prison]]"), and Old Norse dyngja ("a lady's bower"). In [[English]], a dungeon now usually only [[signifies]] the sense of underground prison or oubliette, typically in a basement of a castle, whereas the alternate spelling donjon is generally reserved for the [[original]] meaning.

The word '''dungeon''' comes from Old French donjon (also spelt dongon), which in its earliest usage, meant "a keep, the main tower of a castle which formed the final [[defensive]] position to which the garrison could retreat when outer [[fortifications]] were overcome". The first recorded instance of the [[word]] in [[English]] near the beginning of the 14th century also meant "an underground [[prison]] cell beneath the castle keep". While some sources cite Medieval Latin dom(i)niōn- "[[property]]" (and ultimately dominus "lord") as the [[original]] [[source]], it is more likely that the [[word]] derives from the Frankish *dungjo, *dungjon- ("dungeon, vault, bower"), from Proto-Germanic *dungjōn, *dungō ("a cover, enclosed space, treasury, vault"), from Proto-Indo-European *dhengh- ("to cover, hide, conceal"), related to Old High German tung ("a cellar, underground living quarter"), [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] dung ("a dungeon, [[prison]]"), and Old Norse dyngja ("a lady's bower"). In [[English]], a dungeon now usually only [[signifies]] the sense of underground prison or oubliette, typically in a basement of a castle, whereas the alternate spelling donjon is generally reserved for the [[original]] meaning.

In French the term donjon still refers to a "keep", and the term oubliette is a more appropriate [[translation]] of [[English]] "dungeon". Donjon is therefore a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend false friend] to "dungeon" (for instance, the game "Dungeons and Dragons" is titled "Donjons et Dragons" in its French editions).

In French the term donjon still refers to a "keep", and the term oubliette is a more appropriate [[translation]] of [[English]] "dungeon". Donjon is therefore a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_friend false friend] to "dungeon" (for instance, the game "Dungeons and Dragons" is titled "Donjons et Dragons" in its French editions).