Changes

==Creativity and mental health==

==Creativity and mental health==

A study by psychologist [[J. Philippe Rushton]] found creativity to correlate with [[intelligence (trait)|intelligence]] and [[psychoticism]].  Another study found creativity to be greater in [[schizotypal]] than in either normal or [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]] individuals. While divergent thinking was associated with bilateral activation of the [[prefrontal cortex]], schizotypal individuals were found to have much greater activation of their ''right'' prefrontal cortex. [http://exploration.vanderbilt.edu/news/news_schizotypes.htm] [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2005.06.016 Actual paper] This study hypothesizes that such individuals are better at accessing both hemispheres, allowing them to make novel associations at a faster rate. In agreement with this hypothesis, [[ambidexterity]] is also associated with [[schizotypal]] and [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]] individuals.  

A study by psychologist [[J. Philippe Rushton]] found creativity to correlate with [[intelligence (trait)|intelligence]] and [[psychoticism]].  Another study found creativity to be greater in [[schizotypal]] than in either normal or [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]] individuals. While divergent thinking was associated with bilateral activation of the [[prefrontal cortex]], schizotypal individuals were found to have much greater activation of their ''right'' prefrontal cortex. [https://exploration.vanderbilt.edu/news/news_schizotypes.htm] [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2005.06.016 Actual paper] This study hypothesizes that such individuals are better at accessing both hemispheres, allowing them to make novel associations at a faster rate. In agreement with this hypothesis, [[ambidexterity]] is also associated with [[schizotypal]] and [[schizophrenia|schizophrenic]] individuals.  

Particularly strong links have been identified between creativity and [[mood disorder]]s, particularly [[manic-depressive disorder]] (a.k.a. [[bipolar disorder]]) and [[depressive disorder]] (a.k.a. [[unipolar disorder]]). In ''Touched with Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament'', [[Kay Redfield Jamison]] summarizes studies of mood-disorder rates in '''[[writers]]''', '''[[poets]]''' and '''[[artists]]'''. She also explores research that identifies [[mood disorder]]s in such famous writers and artists as [[Ernest Hemingway]] (who shot himself after [[electroconvulsive treatment]]), [[Virginia Woolf]] (who drowned herself when she felt a depressive episode coming on), composer [[Robert Schumann]] (who died in a mental institution), and even the famed [[visual artist]] [[Michelangelo]].

Particularly strong links have been identified between creativity and [[mood disorder]]s, particularly [[manic-depressive disorder]] (a.k.a. [[bipolar disorder]]) and [[depressive disorder]] (a.k.a. [[unipolar disorder]]). In ''Touched with Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament'', [[Kay Redfield Jamison]] summarizes studies of mood-disorder rates in '''[[writers]]''', '''[[poets]]''' and '''[[artists]]'''. She also explores research that identifies [[mood disorder]]s in such famous writers and artists as [[Ernest Hemingway]] (who shot himself after [[electroconvulsive treatment]]), [[Virginia Woolf]] (who drowned herself when she felt a depressive episode coming on), composer [[Robert Schumann]] (who died in a mental institution), and even the famed [[visual artist]] [[Michelangelo]].

[[Genrich Altshuller]] in the 1950s introduced approaching creativity as an ''exact science'' with [[TRIZ]] and a [[Level of Invention|Level-of-Invention]] measure.  

[[Genrich Altshuller]] in the 1950s introduced approaching creativity as an ''exact science'' with [[TRIZ]] and a [[Level of Invention|Level-of-Invention]] measure.  

The creativity of thousands of Japanese, expressed in terms of their problem-solving and problem-recognizing capabilities, has been measured in Japanese firms.<ref>Details: http://iccincsm.at.infoseek.co.jp</ref>

The creativity of thousands of Japanese, expressed in terms of their problem-solving and problem-recognizing capabilities, has been measured in Japanese firms.<ref>Details: https://iccincsm.at.infoseek.co.jp</ref>

[[Howard Gruber]] insisted on a case-study approach that expresses the existential and unique quality of the creator. Creativity to Gruber was the product of purposeful work and this work could be described only as a confluence of forces in the specifics of the case.   

[[Howard Gruber]] insisted on a case-study approach that expresses the existential and unique quality of the creator. Creativity to Gruber was the product of purposeful work and this work could be described only as a confluence of forces in the specifics of the case.   

===Creative industries and services===

===Creative industries and services===

Today, creativity forms the core activity of a growing section of the [[global economy]] &mdash; the so-called "[[creative industries]]" &mdash; capitalistically generating (generally non-tangible) [[wealth]] through the creation and [[exploitation]] of [[intellectual property]] or through the provision of [[creative services]]. The [http://www.culture.gov.uk/global/publications/archive_2001/ci_mapping_doc_2001.htm Creative Industries Mapping Document 2001] provides an overview of the creative industries in the UK. The [[creative professional]] workforce is becoming a more integral part of industrialized nations' economies.

Today, creativity forms the core activity of a growing section of the [[global economy]] &mdash; the so-called "[[creative industries]]" &mdash; capitalistically generating (generally non-tangible) [[wealth]] through the creation and [[exploitation]] of [[intellectual property]] or through the provision of [[creative services]]. The [https://www.culture.gov.uk/global/publications/archive_2001/ci_mapping_doc_2001.htm Creative Industries Mapping Document 2001] provides an overview of the creative industries in the UK. The [[creative professional]] workforce is becoming a more integral part of industrialized nations' economies.

Creative professions include writing, art, design, theater, television, radio, motion pictures, related crafts, as well as marketing, strategy, some aspects of scientific research and development, product development, some types of teaching and curriculum design, and more. Since many creative professionals (actors and writers, for example) are also employed in secondary professions, estimates of creative professionals are often inaccurate. By some estimates, approximately 10 million US workers are creative professionals; depending upon the depth and breadth of the definition, this estimate may be double.

Creative professions include writing, art, design, theater, television, radio, motion pictures, related crafts, as well as marketing, strategy, some aspects of scientific research and development, product development, some types of teaching and curriculum design, and more. Since many creative professionals (actors and writers, for example) are also employed in secondary professions, estimates of creative professionals are often inaccurate. By some estimates, approximately 10 million US workers are creative professionals; depending upon the depth and breadth of the definition, this estimate may be double.

==Enhancing the creative process with new technologies==

==Enhancing the creative process with new technologies==

A simple but accurate [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WGR-4G65VJ1-1&_user=10&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2005&_alid=527112635&_rdoc=1&_fmt=summary&_orig=search&_cdi=6829&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3ad4369ed718542426a8f4ace61c7d8f review] on this new Human-Computer Interactions (HCI) angle for promoting creativity has been written by Todd Lubart, an invitation full of creative ideas to develop further this new field.

A simple but accurate [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WGR-4G65VJ1-1&_user=10&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2005&_alid=527112635&_rdoc=1&_fmt=summary&_orig=search&_cdi=6829&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=3ad4369ed718542426a8f4ace61c7d8f review] on this new Human-Computer Interactions (HCI) angle for promoting creativity has been written by Todd Lubart, an invitation full of creative ideas to develop further this new field.

The Creativity and Cognition conference series, sponsored by the ACM and running since 1993 has been an important venue for publishing research on the intersection between technology and creativity. The conference now runs biannually, next taking place in 2009.

The Creativity and Cognition conference series, sponsored by the ACM and running since 1993 has been an important venue for publishing research on the intersection between technology and creativity. The conference now runs biannually, next taking place in 2009.

There is, however, a dark side to creativity, in that it represents a ''"quest for a radical autonomy apart from the constraints of social responsibility"''.<ref>(McLaren, 1999)</ref> In other words, by encouraging creativity we are encouraging a departure from society's existing norms and values.  Expectation of conformity runs contrary to the spirit of creativity. Nevertheless, employers are increasingly valuing creative skills. A report by the Business Council of Australia, for example, has called for a higher level of creativity in graduates.<ref>(BCA, 2006)</ref> The ability to "[[think outside the box]]" is highly sought after. However, the above-mentioned paradox may well imply that firms pay lip service to thinking outside the box while maintaining traditional, hierarchical organization structures in which individual creativity is not rewarded.

There is, however, a dark side to creativity, in that it represents a ''"quest for a radical autonomy apart from the constraints of social responsibility"''.<ref>(McLaren, 1999)</ref> In other words, by encouraging creativity we are encouraging a departure from society's existing norms and values.  Expectation of conformity runs contrary to the spirit of creativity. Nevertheless, employers are increasingly valuing creative skills. A report by the Business Council of Australia, for example, has called for a higher level of creativity in graduates.<ref>(BCA, 2006)</ref> The ability to "[[think outside the box]]" is highly sought after. However, the above-mentioned paradox may well imply that firms pay lip service to thinking outside the box while maintaining traditional, hierarchical organization structures in which individual creativity is not rewarded.

==Quote==

==Quote==

*"The advances of true [[civilization]] are all born in this inner world of mankind. It is only the [[inner life]] that is truly creative".[http://urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=http://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper111.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper111.html&line=94#mfs]

*"The advances of true [[civilization]] are all born in this inner world of mankind. It is only the [[inner life]] that is truly creative".[https://urantia.org/cgi-bin/webglimpse/mfs/usr/local/www/data/papers?link=https://mercy.urantia.org/papers/paper111.html&file=/usr/local/www/data/papers/paper111.html&line=94#mfs]

==External links==

==External links==

'''Essays:'''

'''Essays:'''

* [http://members.aol.com/mindwebart3/marcel.htm ''The Creative Act'' by [[Marcel Duchamp]]. (1957)]

* [https://members.aol.com/mindwebart3/marcel.htm ''The Creative Act'' by [[Marcel Duchamp]]. (1957)]

* [http://cogprints.org/1569/ Metaphor and Mental Duality]

* [https://cogprints.org/1569/ Metaphor and Mental Duality]

* [http://cogprints.org/1627/ Creativity: Method or Magic?]

* [https://cogprints.org/1627/ Creativity: Method or Magic?]

'''Other articles:'''

'''Other articles:'''

* http://www.fekreno.org/englishLISTFEK.HTM

* https://www.fekreno.org/englishLISTFEK.HTM

* http://about-creativity.com interviews with working artists about what works

* https://about-creativity.com interviews with working artists about what works

'''Professional societies:'''

'''Professional societies:'''

* http://www.BeCreative.org/ American Creativity Association

* https://www.BeCreative.org/ American Creativity Association

* http://www.crea-italia.com/ CREA Italia, Creativity European Association, non-profit, based in Italy

* https://www.crea-italia.com/ CREA Italia, Creativity European Association, non-profit, based in Italy

'''Videos'''

'''Videos'''

* [http://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/66 Do schools kill creativity] - Sir Ken Robinson

* [https://www.ted.com/index.php/talks/view/id/66 Do schools kill creativity] - Sir Ken Robinson

* [http://www.crea-italia.com/IT/video/crea-conference-2006+19.html CREA Conference 2006 video]

* [https://www.crea-italia.com/IT/video/crea-conference-2006+19.html CREA Conference 2006 video]

'''Other'''

'''Other'''

* [http://www.thebridge.org.uk/ Explore, Express & Discuss 'Inherent Creative Ability']

* [https://www.thebridge.org.uk/ Explore, Express & Discuss 'Inherent Creative Ability']

* [http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/482 European Commission proposes 2009 to become European Year of Creativity and Innovation']

* [https://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/08/482 European Commission proposes 2009 to become European Year of Creativity and Innovation']

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: Psychology]]

[[Category: The Arts]]

[[Category: The Arts]]