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In Orthodox Russia too, when [[Peter I the Great]] has assumed the Byzantine imperial titles ''Imperator'' and [[Autokrator]], instead of the 'merely' royal Tsar, the idea in founding the [[Russian Holy Synod]] was to put an end to the old ''Imperium in imperio'' of the free Church, by substituting the synod for the all too independent [[Patriarch of Moskow]], who had become almost a rival of the Tsars — Peter meant to unite all authority in himself, over Church as well as State: through his [[Ober-Procuror]] and synod, the Emperor rules his Church as absolutely as his army and navy through their respective ministries; he appoints its members (mostly bishops) just as his generals; and the Russian Governments continued his policy since.

In Orthodox Russia too, when [[Peter I the Great]] has assumed the Byzantine imperial titles ''Imperator'' and [[Autokrator]], instead of the 'merely' royal Tsar, the idea in founding the [[Russian Holy Synod]] was to put an end to the old ''Imperium in imperio'' of the free Church, by substituting the synod for the all too independent [[Patriarch of Moskow]], who had become almost a rival of the Tsars — Peter meant to unite all authority in himself, over Church as well as State: through his [[Ober-Procuror]] and synod, the Emperor rules his Church as absolutely as his army and navy through their respective ministries; he appoints its members (mostly bishops) just as his generals; and the Russian Governments continued his policy since.

Even in 19th century North America, when by the decree of the President of the United States, [[Brigham Young]], the [[Mormon]] [[hierarch]] and head of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, was appointed first Governor of the [[Territory of Utah]] on 28 September, 1851, this was called (politically, not in law) establishing a theocratic form of government there (until it became a regular state) as an ''imperium in imperio'', within the limits of the republic. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium]

Even in 19th century North America, when by the decree of the President of the United States, [[Brigham Young]], the [[Mormon]] [[hierarch]] and head of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, was appointed first Governor of the [[Territory of Utah]] on 28 September, 1851, this was called (politically, not in law) establishing a theocratic form of government there (until it became a regular state) as an ''imperium in imperio'', within the limits of the republic. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]