Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

German ''Poltergeist'' (early 16th cent., frequently in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther Luther]'s writings) < ''poltern'' to make a loud [[noise]] or uproar, to rumble, to thud (15th cent.; ultimately of imitative [[origin]]) + ''Geist'' ghost.

German ''Poltergeist'' (early 16th cent., frequently in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther Luther]'s writings) < ''poltern'' to make a loud [[noise]] or uproar, to rumble, to thud (15th cent.; ultimately of imitative [[origin]]) + ''Geist'' ghost.

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 17th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 17th Century]

==Definition==

==Definition==

*1: a [[noisy]] usually [[mischievous]] [[ghost]] held to be [[responsible]] for unexplained noises (as rappings)  

*1: a [[noisy]] usually [[mischievous]] [[ghost]] held to be [[responsible]] for unexplained noises (as rappings)  

A '''poltergeist''' is a [[paranormal]] [[phenomenon]] which consists of [[events]] alluding to the [[manifestation]] of an imperceptible [[entity]]. Such manifestation typically includes inanimate objects moving or being thrown about, sentient [[noises]] (such as impaired knocking, pounding or banging) and, on some occasions, [[physical]] [[attacks]] on those [[witnessing]] the [[events]].

A '''poltergeist''' is a [[paranormal]] [[phenomenon]] which consists of [[events]] alluding to the [[manifestation]] of an imperceptible [[entity]]. Such manifestation typically includes inanimate objects moving or being thrown about, sentient [[noises]] (such as impaired knocking, pounding or banging) and, on some occasions, [[physical]] [[attacks]] on those [[witnessing]] the [[events]].

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''Poltergeist''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Poltergeist '''''this link'''''].</center>

<center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''Poltergeist''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Poltergeist '''''this link'''''].</center>

Since no conclusive [[scientific]] [[explanation]] of the [[events]] exists up to this day, ''poltergeists'' have [[traditionally]] been described in [[folklore]] as troublesome [[spirits]] or [[ghosts]] which haunt a particular [[person]], hence the name. Such alleged poltergeist [[manifestations]] have been reported in many [[cultures]] and countries including the United States, Japan, Brazil, Australia, and all European nations, and the earliest recorded cases date back to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_century 1st century].

Since no conclusive [[scientific]] [[explanation]] of the [[events]] exists up to this day, ''poltergeists'' have [[traditionally]] been described in [[folklore]] as troublesome [[spirits]] or [[ghosts]] which haunt a particular [[person]], hence the name. Such alleged poltergeist [[manifestations]] have been reported in many [[cultures]] and countries including the United States, Japan, Brazil, Australia, and all European nations, and the earliest recorded cases date back to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_century 1st century].

==Interpretations==

==Interpretations==

*'''Spirit'''

*'''Spirit'''

Poltergeist [[activity]] has often been [[believed]] to be the work of malicious [[ghosts]]. According to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Kardec Alan Kardec], the founder of [[Spiritism]], poltergeists are [[manifestations]] of disembodied [[spirits]] of low level, belonging to the sixth class of the third order. They are believed to be closely [[associated]] with the elements ([[fire]], [[air]], [[water]], [[earth]]).

Poltergeist [[activity]] has often been [[believed]] to be the work of malicious [[ghosts]]. According to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Kardec Alan Kardec], the founder of [[Spiritism]], poltergeists are [[manifestations]] of disembodied [[spirits]] of low level, belonging to the sixth class of the third order. They are believed to be closely [[associated]] with the elements ([[fire]], [[air]], [[water]], [[earth]]).

*'''Psychokinesis'''

*'''Psychokinesis'''

In [[parapsychology]], Nandor Fodor proposed that poltergeist disturbances were caused by [[human]] agents [[suffering]] from some form of [[emotional]] [[stress]] or tension. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_G._Roll William G. Roll] studied 116 different poltergeist cases and found that the [[agents]] were often [[children]] or teenagers, and supposed that recurrent neuronal discharges resulting in [[epileptic]] [[symptoms]] may cause recurrent [[spontaneous]] psychokinesis (RSPK), which would affect the [[person]]'s surroundings. The case of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenheim_Poltergeist Rosenheim Poltergeist], where none of the disturbances could be [[explained]] via physical means, was suggested to be caused by psychokinetic forces.

In [[parapsychology]], Nandor Fodor proposed that poltergeist disturbances were caused by [[human]] agents [[suffering]] from some form of [[emotional]] [[stress]] or tension. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_G._Roll William G. Roll] studied 116 different poltergeist cases and found that the [[agents]] were often [[children]] or teenagers, and supposed that recurrent neuronal discharges resulting in [[epileptic]] [[symptoms]] may cause recurrent [[spontaneous]] psychokinesis (RSPK), which would affect the [[person]]'s surroundings. The case of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosenheim_Poltergeist Rosenheim Poltergeist], where none of the disturbances could be [[explained]] via physical means, was suggested to be caused by psychokinetic forces.

*'''Others'''

*'''Others'''

Poltergeist disturbances that have not been traced to [[fraud]] have been attempted to be [[explained]] scientifically. David Turner, a retired physical [[chemist]], suggested that [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_lighting ball lighting], another [[phenomenon]], could cause inanimate objects to move erratically. Some [[skeptics]] propose that poltergeist [[activity]] might be caused by simpler phenomena such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatics static electricity], [[electromagnetic]] fields, ultrasound, infrasound, or ionized air. [[Hallucinations]], like the sounds of bells or footsteps, may be caused by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_poisoning#Haunted_houses carbon monoxide poisoning].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poltergeist]

Poltergeist disturbances that have not been traced to [[fraud]] have been attempted to be [[explained]] scientifically. David Turner, a retired physical [[chemist]], suggested that [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_lighting ball lighting], another [[phenomenon]], could cause inanimate objects to move erratically. Some [[skeptics]] propose that poltergeist [[activity]] might be caused by simpler phenomena such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatics static electricity], [[electromagnetic]] fields, ultrasound, infrasound, or ionized air. [[Hallucinations]], like the sounds of bells or footsteps, may be caused by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide_poisoning#Haunted_houses carbon monoxide poisoning].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poltergeist]

==See also==

==See also==

*'''''[[Ghost]]'''''

*'''''[[Ghost]]'''''

*'''''[[Paper 87 - The Ghost Cults|Ghost Cults]]'''''

*'''''[[Paper 87 - The Ghost Cults|Ghost Cults]]'''''

[[Category: Parapsychology]]

[[Category: Parapsychology]]