Changes

==Etymology==

==Etymology==

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French or [[Latin]]; Anglo-French transporter, from Latin transportare, from trans-  + portare to carry  

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French or [[Latin]]; Anglo-French transporter, from Latin transportare, from trans-  + portare to carry  

*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century]

*Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1 : to transfer or convey from one place to another <transporting ions across a living membrane>

*1 : to transfer or convey from one place to another <transporting ions across a living membrane>

Passenger transport may be [[public]], where operators provide scheduled services, or [[private]]. Freight transport has become [[focused]] on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in [[economic]] [[growth]] and globalization, but most [[types]] cause air pollution and use large amounts of land. While it is heavily subsidized by [[governments]], good planning of transport is [[essential]] to make traffic [[flow]], and restrain urban sprawl.

Passenger transport may be [[public]], where operators provide scheduled services, or [[private]]. Freight transport has become [[focused]] on containerization, although bulk transport is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in [[economic]] [[growth]] and globalization, but most [[types]] cause air pollution and use large amounts of land. While it is heavily subsidized by [[governments]], good planning of transport is [[essential]] to make traffic [[flow]], and restrain urban sprawl.

==History==

==History==

[[Humans]]' first means of transport were walking and swimming. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication domestication] of animals introduces a new way to lay the burden of transport on more [[powerful]] [[creatures]], allowing heavier loads to be hauled, or [[humans]] to ride the [[animals]] for higher speed and duration. [[Inventions]] such as the wheel and sled helped make animal transport more [[efficient]] through the introduction of vehicles. Also water transport, including rowed and sailed vessels, dates back to time immemorial, and was the only efficient way to transport large quantities or over large distances prior to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution].

[[Humans]]' first means of transport were walking and swimming. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestication domestication] of animals introduces a new way to lay the burden of transport on more [[powerful]] [[creatures]], allowing heavier loads to be hauled, or [[humans]] to ride the [[animals]] for higher speed and duration. [[Inventions]] such as the wheel and sled helped make animal transport more [[efficient]] through the introduction of vehicles. Also water transport, including rowed and sailed vessels, dates back to time immemorial, and was the only efficient way to transport large quantities or over large distances prior to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution].

The first [[forms]] of road transport were [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horses], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ox oxen] or even humans carrying goods over dirt tracks that often followed game [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail trails]. Paved roads were built by many early [[civilizations]], including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia Mesopotamia] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization Indus Valley Civilization]. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Empire Persian] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire Roman] empires built stone-paved roads to allow armies to travel quickly. Deep roadbeds of crushed stone underneath ensured that the roads kept dry. The medieval [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate Caliphate] later built [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmac tar-paved] roads. The first watercraft were [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoe canoes] cut out from tree trunks. Early water transport was accomplished with ships that were either rowed or used the wind for propulsion, or a combination of the two. The importance of water has led to most [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities cities], that grew up as sites for trading, being located on rivers or at sea, ofter at the intersection of two bodies of water. Until the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution], transport remained slow and costly, and production and consumption were located as close to each other as feasible.

The first [[forms]] of road transport were [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horses], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ox oxen] or even humans carrying goods over dirt tracks that often followed game [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail trails]. Paved roads were built by many early [[civilizations]], including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia Mesopotamia] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization Indus Valley Civilization]. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Empire Persian] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire Roman] empires built stone-paved roads to allow armies to travel quickly. Deep roadbeds of crushed stone underneath ensured that the roads kept dry. The medieval [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate Caliphate] later built [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmac tar-paved] roads. The first watercraft were [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoe canoes] cut out from tree trunks. Early water transport was accomplished with ships that were either rowed or used the wind for propulsion, or a combination of the two. The importance of water has led to most [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cities cities], that grew up as sites for trading, being located on rivers or at sea, ofter at the intersection of two bodies of water. Until the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution], transport remained slow and costly, and production and consumption were located as close to each other as feasible.

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution] in the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century 19th century] saw a [[number]] of [[inventions]] fundamentally [[change]] transport. With [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphy telegraphy], [[communication]] became instant and [[independent]] of transport. The invention of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine steam engine], closely followed by its [[application]] in rail transport, made land transport independent of [[human]] or [[animal]] muscles. Both speed and [[capacity]] increased rapidly, allowing specialization through manufacturing being located independent of [[natural]] [[resources]]. The 19th century also saw the development of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_ship steam ship], that sped up global transport.

The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industrial Revolution] in the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century 19th century] saw a [[number]] of [[inventions]] fundamentally [[change]] transport. With [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphy telegraphy], [[communication]] became instant and [[independent]] of transport. The invention of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine steam engine], closely followed by its [[application]] in rail transport, made land transport independent of [[human]] or [[animal]] muscles. Both speed and [[capacity]] increased rapidly, allowing specialization through manufacturing being located independent of [[natural]] [[resources]]. The 19th century also saw the development of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_ship steam ship], that sped up global transport.

The [[development]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_engine combustion engine] and the automobile at the turn into the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century 20th century], road transport became more viable, allowing the introduction of [[mechanical]] [[private]] transport. The first highways were constructed during the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century 19th century] with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadam macadam]. Later, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmac tarmac] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete concrete] became the dominant paving [[material]]. In 1903, the first controllable [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airplane airplane] was invented, and after [[World War I]], it became a fast way to transport people and express goods over long distances.

The [[development]] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_engine combustion engine] and the automobile at the turn into the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century 20th century], road transport became more viable, allowing the introduction of [[mechanical]] [[private]] transport. The first highways were constructed during the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century 19th century] with [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macadam macadam]. Later, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmac tarmac] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete concrete] became the dominant paving [[material]]. In 1903, the first controllable [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airplane airplane] was invented, and after [[World War I]], it became a fast way to transport people and express goods over long distances.

After [[World War II]], the automobile and airlines took higher shares of transport, reducing rail and water to freight and short-haul passenger. Spaceflight was launched in the 1950s, with rapid growth until the 1970s, when interest dwindled. In the 1950s, the introduction of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerization containerization] gave massive [[efficiency]] gains in freight transport, permitting [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization globalization]. International air travel became much more accessible in the 1960s, with the commercialization of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_engine jet engine]. Along with the [[growth]] in automobiles and motorways, this introduced a decline for rail and water transport. After the introduction of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinkansen Shinkansen] in 1964, high-speed rail in Asia and Europe started taking passengers on long-haul routes from airlines.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation]

After [[World War II]], the automobile and airlines took higher shares of transport, reducing rail and water to freight and short-haul passenger. Spaceflight was launched in the 1950s, with rapid growth until the 1970s, when interest dwindled. In the 1950s, the introduction of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Containerization containerization] gave massive [[efficiency]] gains in freight transport, permitting [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalization globalization]. International air travel became much more accessible in the 1960s, with the commercialization of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_engine jet engine]. Along with the [[growth]] in automobiles and motorways, this introduced a decline for rail and water transport. After the introduction of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinkansen Shinkansen] in 1964, high-speed rail in Asia and Europe started taking passengers on long-haul routes from airlines.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation]

[[Category: General Reference]]

[[Category: General Reference]]