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A '''universal proposition''' is one that affirms a [[property (philosophy)|property]] of all the members of a [[set]].  For instance, the proposition that all [[dog]]s are [[mortal]] and the proposition that all [[cow]]s can fly are universal propositions, the former (assumedly) true and the latter false. A universal proposition is logically equivalent to the negation of an [[existential proposition]].  Thus, claiming that ''all cows can fly'' is equivalent to denying that ''there is a cow that cannot fly''.

A '''universal proposition''' is one that affirms a [[property (philosophy)|property]] of all the members of a [[set]].  For instance, the proposition that all [[dog]]s are [[mortal]] and the proposition that all [[cow]]s can fly are universal propositions, the former (assumedly) true and the latter false. A universal proposition is logically equivalent to the negation of an [[existential proposition]].  Thus, claiming that ''all cows can fly'' is equivalent to denying that ''there is a cow that cannot fly''.

It may be noted, along the lines of [[David Hume|Humean]] causal [[scepticism]], that the only universal propositions that must be true are those that exist [[A priori and a posteriori (philosophy)|a priori]], drawn from definitions (i.e. "All dogs are mammals").  Universal propositions that are drawn [[a posteriori]], from one's experience of the world (i.e. "All dogs are born with four legs"), can never be confirmed as certainly true, simply supported as likely to be true give the evidence available, making such propositions [[falsifiable]].

It may be noted, along the lines of [[David Hume|Humean]] causal [[sceptic]]ism, that the only universal propositions that must be true are those that exist [[A priori and a posteriori (philosophy)|a priori]], drawn from definitions (i.e. "All dogs are mammals").  Universal propositions that are drawn [[a posteriori]], from one's experience of the world (i.e. "All dogs are born with four legs"), can never be confirmed as certainly true, simply supported as likely to be true give the evidence available, making such propositions [[falsifiable]].

== Universality in metaphysics ==

== Universality in metaphysics ==