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In [[sociology]], the state is normally identified with these institutions: in [[Max Weber]]'s influential definition, it is that organization that "(successfully) claims a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical [[force]] within a given territory," which may include the armed forces, civil service or state bureaucracy, courts, and police.

In [[sociology]], the state is normally identified with these institutions: in [[Max Weber]]'s influential definition, it is that organization that "(successfully) claims a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical [[force]] within a given territory," which may include the armed forces, civil service or state bureaucracy, courts, and police.

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There are only two levels of [[relative]] [[sovereignty]] on an inhabited world: the [[spiritual]] [[free will]] of the [[individual]] mortal and the [[collective]] sovereignty of [[humanity|mankind]] as a whole. Between the level of the individual [[human being]] and the level of the total of mankind, all [[group]]ings and associations are [[relative]], transitory, and of [[value]] only in so far as they enhance the welfare, well-being, and progress of the [[individual]] and the [[planet]]ary grand total--man and mankind.

There are only two levels of [[relative]] [[sovereignty]] on an inhabited world: the [[spiritual]] [[free will]] of the [[individual]] mortal and the [[collective]] sovereignty of [[humanity|mankind]] as a whole. Between the level of the individual [[human being]] and the level of the total of mankind, all [[group]]ings and associations are [[relative]], transitory, and of [[value]] only in so far as they enhance the welfare, well-being, and progress of the [[individual]] and the planetary grand total--man and mankind.

The difficulty in the [[evolution]] of [[political]] sovereignty lies in the inertia-resistance exhibited on all intervening levels. Families have, on occasion, defied their clan, while clans and tribes have often been subversive of the sovereignty of the territorial state. Each new and forward evolution of political sovereignty is (and has always been) embarrassed and hampered by the "scaffolding stages" of the previous developments in political organization. And this is true because human loyalties, once mobilized, are hard to change. The same loyalty which makes possible the evolution of the tribe, makes difficult the evolution of the supertribe--the territorial state. And the same loyalty (patriotism) which makes possible the evolution of the territorial state, vastly complicates the evolutionary development of the government of all mankind.

The difficulty in the [[evolution]] of [[political]] sovereignty lies in the inertia-resistance exhibited on all intervening levels. Families have, on occasion, defied their clan, while clans and tribes have often been subversive of the sovereignty of the territorial state. Each new and forward evolution of political sovereignty is (and has always been) embarrassed and hampered by the "scaffolding stages" of the previous developments in political organization. And this is true because human loyalties, once mobilized, are hard to change. The same loyalty which makes possible the evolution of the tribe, makes difficult the evolution of the supertribe--the territorial state. And the same loyalty (patriotism) which makes possible the evolution of the territorial state, vastly complicates the evolutionary development of the government of all mankind.