Changes

One CI pioneer, George Pór, defined the collective intelligence [phenomenon] as "the capacity of human communities to evolve towards higher order complexity and [[harmony]], through such innovation mechanisms as differentiation and [[integration]], competition and collaboration."[2] Tom Atlee and George Pór state that "collective intelligence also involves achieving a single [[focus]] of attention and standard of metrics which provide an appropriate threshold of action". Their approach is rooted in Scientific [[Community]] [[Metaphor]].

One CI pioneer, George Pór, defined the collective intelligence [phenomenon] as "the capacity of human communities to evolve towards higher order complexity and [[harmony]], through such innovation mechanisms as differentiation and [[integration]], competition and collaboration."[2] Tom Atlee and George Pór state that "collective intelligence also involves achieving a single [[focus]] of attention and standard of metrics which provide an appropriate threshold of action". Their approach is rooted in Scientific [[Community]] [[Metaphor]].

Levy and de Kerckhove consider CI from a mass communications [[perspective]], focusing on the ability of networked ICT’s to enhance the [[community]] [[knowledge]] pool. They suggest that these communications tools enable humans to interact and to share and collaborate with both ease and speed (Flew 2008). With the development of the Internet and its widespread use, the opportunity to contribute to community-based knowledge forums is greater than ever before. These computer networks give participating users the opportunity to store and to retrieve knowledge through the [[collective]] access to these databases and allow them to “harness the hive” (Raymond 1998; Herz 2005 in Flew 2008). Researchers[3] at the [[MIT Center for Collective Intelligence]] research and explore collective intelligence of groups of people and computers.

Levy and de Kerckhove consider CI from a mass communications [[perspective]], focusing on the ability of networked ICT’s to enhance the [[community]] [[knowledge]] pool. They suggest that these communications tools enable humans to interact and to share and collaborate with both ease and speed (Flew 2008). With the development of the Internet and its widespread use, the opportunity to contribute to community-based knowledge forums is greater than ever before. These computer networks give participating users the opportunity to store and to retrieve knowledge through the [[collective]] access to these databases and allow them to “harness the hive” (Raymond 1998; Herz 2005 in Flew 2008). Researchers[3] at the [http://cci.mit.edu/ MIT Center for Collective Intelligence] research and explore collective intelligence of groups of people and computers.

==General concepts==

==General concepts==

Howard Bloom traces the evolution of collective intelligence from the days of our bacterial ancestors 3.5 billion years ago to the present and demonstrates how a multi-species intelligence has worked since the beginning of life.[4]

Howard Bloom traces the evolution of collective intelligence from the days of our bacterial ancestors 3.5 billion years ago to the present and demonstrates how a multi-species intelligence has worked since the beginning of life.[4]