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Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpg '''Automatic writing''' is the process or production of writing material that does not come from the conscious thoughts of the writer. Prac...'
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'''Automatic writing''' is the [[process]] or production of writing material that does not come from the [[conscious]] [[thoughts]] of the writer. Practitioners say that the writer's hand forms the message, with the [[person]] being unaware of what will be written. In some cases, it is done by people in a [[trance]] [[state]]. In others, the writer is aware (not in a trance) of their surroundings but not of the actions of their writing hand.
==History==
George (Georgie) Hyde-Lees, the wife of [[William Butler Yeats]], said that she could write automatically. In 1975, Wendy Hart of Maidenhead said that she wrote automatically about Nicholas Moore, a sea captain who died in 1642. Her husband did research on Moore, and he said that this person had resided at St Columb Major in Cornwall during the Civil War.[1]
==Criticism==
A 1998 article in ''Psychological Science'' described a series of [[experiment]]s designed to determine whether people who believed in automatic writing could be shown that it might be the ideomotor effect. The paper indicated that "our attempt to introduce [[doubt]] about the validity of automatic writing did not succeed." The paper noted that "including [[information]] about the controversy surrounding facilitated [[communication]] did not affect self-efficacy ratings, nor did it affect the number of responses that were produced. In this sense, illusory facilitation appears to be a very robust [[phenomenon]], not unlike illusory correlation, which is not reversed by warning participants about the phenomenon."[2]
Psychology professor Théodore Flournoy investigated the claim by 19th-century medium Hélène Smith (Catherine Müller) that she did automatic writing to convey messages from Mars in Martian language. Flournoy concluded that her "Martian" language had a strong resemblance to Ms. Smith's native language of French. Flournoy concluded that her automatic writing was "[[romance]]s of the subliminal [[imagination]], derived largely from forgotten sources (for example, books read as a child)." He invented the term [[cryptomnesia]] to describe this [[phenomenon]]. [3] [[Skeptic]]s[who?] consider automatic writing to be "little more than a parlor [[game]], although sometimes useful for self-[[discovery]] and for getting started on a writing project." [4]
==Definition==
The [[Oxford English Dictionary]] implies that '''Automatic Writing''' is that writing done by an [[automaton]] in as much as searching for a definition of Automatic Writing references one definition of [[Automatic]] as concerned with Spiritualism where Automatic Writing is described as:
Of or pertaining to [[automatism]] (sense 4); performed by [[unconscious]], [[subconscious]], or [[occult]] action.
*1883 W. S. MOSES Spirit-Teachings Introd. 1 Automatic Writing is a well-known method of [[communication]] with the invisible world of what we loosely call [[Spirit]].
*1884 Proc. Soc. Psychical Research II. 226, I wished to know if I were myself an automatic writer, or so-called writing [[medium]].
*1889 BARKWORTH in Proc. Soc. Psychical Research Dec. 85 It is only the execution and not the initiation of the movements which is automatic, the suggestion for them being external to the subject's own [[personality]].
*1890 W. JAMES Princ. Psychol. I. viii. 209 Certain [[trance]]-subjects who were also automatic writers.
*1934 Archit. Rev. LXXV. 215/1 Mr. Cooper's picture, on the other hand, might almost be a piece of automatic writing.
It may be helpful to compare the above with a definition of an [[amanuensis]].
==References==
# Ivan Rabey's Book of St Columb (1979)
# Psychological Science, Vol. 9, NO. 1, January 1998
# Randi, James. An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural (N.Y.: St. Martin's Press, 1995, page 22).
# automatic writing
# Carroll, Robert Todd. "Automatic writing". The Skeptic's Dictionary. 2003. ISBN 0-471-27242-6.
# Randi, James. "Automatic writing". An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural. 1995. ISBN 0-312-15119-5.
# Keeghan, D.R.T. Meditation Oneness. ISBN 978-09554590-0-9.
# Rosoer, Grace. Beyond the Horizon. 1961. Published for the church's Fellowship for Psychical Study by James Clarke & Co. Ltd. ISBN 0-227-67412-X.
# Cummins, Geraldine. Swan on a Black Sea. Printed by Redwood Press, Trowbridge & London. ISBN 0-710-01243-8.
# Montgomery, Ruth. A Search for the Truth. Published by Random House. ISBN 978-0-449-21085-7.
==External links==
* [http://www.hypnobusters.com/articles/automaticwriting.html How To Do Automatic Writing]
* [http://www.geae.inf.br/en/books/index.html A Brazilian site] with several free [[PDF]][[e-books]] in English, including Kardec's works and [[Léon Denis]].
* [http://www.benjamin-peret.org/extraits/contes-et-proses/l_ecriture-automatique-1929.html How To Do Automatic Writing by the french surrealist Benjamin Péret (fr)]
[[Category: Parapsychology]]
'''Automatic writing''' is the [[process]] or production of writing material that does not come from the [[conscious]] [[thoughts]] of the writer. Practitioners say that the writer's hand forms the message, with the [[person]] being unaware of what will be written. In some cases, it is done by people in a [[trance]] [[state]]. In others, the writer is aware (not in a trance) of their surroundings but not of the actions of their writing hand.
==History==
George (Georgie) Hyde-Lees, the wife of [[William Butler Yeats]], said that she could write automatically. In 1975, Wendy Hart of Maidenhead said that she wrote automatically about Nicholas Moore, a sea captain who died in 1642. Her husband did research on Moore, and he said that this person had resided at St Columb Major in Cornwall during the Civil War.[1]
==Criticism==
A 1998 article in ''Psychological Science'' described a series of [[experiment]]s designed to determine whether people who believed in automatic writing could be shown that it might be the ideomotor effect. The paper indicated that "our attempt to introduce [[doubt]] about the validity of automatic writing did not succeed." The paper noted that "including [[information]] about the controversy surrounding facilitated [[communication]] did not affect self-efficacy ratings, nor did it affect the number of responses that were produced. In this sense, illusory facilitation appears to be a very robust [[phenomenon]], not unlike illusory correlation, which is not reversed by warning participants about the phenomenon."[2]
Psychology professor Théodore Flournoy investigated the claim by 19th-century medium Hélène Smith (Catherine Müller) that she did automatic writing to convey messages from Mars in Martian language. Flournoy concluded that her "Martian" language had a strong resemblance to Ms. Smith's native language of French. Flournoy concluded that her automatic writing was "[[romance]]s of the subliminal [[imagination]], derived largely from forgotten sources (for example, books read as a child)." He invented the term [[cryptomnesia]] to describe this [[phenomenon]]. [3] [[Skeptic]]s[who?] consider automatic writing to be "little more than a parlor [[game]], although sometimes useful for self-[[discovery]] and for getting started on a writing project." [4]
==Definition==
The [[Oxford English Dictionary]] implies that '''Automatic Writing''' is that writing done by an [[automaton]] in as much as searching for a definition of Automatic Writing references one definition of [[Automatic]] as concerned with Spiritualism where Automatic Writing is described as:
Of or pertaining to [[automatism]] (sense 4); performed by [[unconscious]], [[subconscious]], or [[occult]] action.
*1883 W. S. MOSES Spirit-Teachings Introd. 1 Automatic Writing is a well-known method of [[communication]] with the invisible world of what we loosely call [[Spirit]].
*1884 Proc. Soc. Psychical Research II. 226, I wished to know if I were myself an automatic writer, or so-called writing [[medium]].
*1889 BARKWORTH in Proc. Soc. Psychical Research Dec. 85 It is only the execution and not the initiation of the movements which is automatic, the suggestion for them being external to the subject's own [[personality]].
*1890 W. JAMES Princ. Psychol. I. viii. 209 Certain [[trance]]-subjects who were also automatic writers.
*1934 Archit. Rev. LXXV. 215/1 Mr. Cooper's picture, on the other hand, might almost be a piece of automatic writing.
It may be helpful to compare the above with a definition of an [[amanuensis]].
==References==
# Ivan Rabey's Book of St Columb (1979)
# Psychological Science, Vol. 9, NO. 1, January 1998
# Randi, James. An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural (N.Y.: St. Martin's Press, 1995, page 22).
# automatic writing
# Carroll, Robert Todd. "Automatic writing". The Skeptic's Dictionary. 2003. ISBN 0-471-27242-6.
# Randi, James. "Automatic writing". An Encyclopedia of Claims, Frauds, and Hoaxes of the Occult and Supernatural. 1995. ISBN 0-312-15119-5.
# Keeghan, D.R.T. Meditation Oneness. ISBN 978-09554590-0-9.
# Rosoer, Grace. Beyond the Horizon. 1961. Published for the church's Fellowship for Psychical Study by James Clarke & Co. Ltd. ISBN 0-227-67412-X.
# Cummins, Geraldine. Swan on a Black Sea. Printed by Redwood Press, Trowbridge & London. ISBN 0-710-01243-8.
# Montgomery, Ruth. A Search for the Truth. Published by Random House. ISBN 978-0-449-21085-7.
==External links==
* [http://www.hypnobusters.com/articles/automaticwriting.html How To Do Automatic Writing]
* [http://www.geae.inf.br/en/books/index.html A Brazilian site] with several free [[PDF]][[e-books]] in English, including Kardec's works and [[Léon Denis]].
* [http://www.benjamin-peret.org/extraits/contes-et-proses/l_ecriture-automatique-1929.html How To Do Automatic Writing by the french surrealist Benjamin Péret (fr)]
[[Category: Parapsychology]]