Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:French-revolution200px.jpg|right|frame]] | | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:French-revolution200px.jpg|right|frame]] |
| | | |
| + | A '''revolution''' (from the [[Latin]] revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental [[change]] in [[power]] or organizational [[structures]] that takes place in a [[relative]]ly short period of [[time]]. Aristotle described two types of political revolution: |
| + | |
| + | *the [[action]] by a [[celestial]] body of going round in an [[orbit]] or [[elliptical]] [[course]] |
| + | : the [[time]] taken by a celestial body to make a complete round in its orbit |
| + | : the rotation of a celestial body on its axis |
| + | *Complete [[change]] from one constitution to another |
| + | *Modification of an existing [[constitution]].[1] |
| | | |
− | A '''revolution''' (from the [[Latin]] revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental [[change]] in [[power]] or organizational [[structures]] that takes place in a [[relative]]ly short period of [[time]]. Aristotle described two types of political revolution:
| |
− | *Complete change from one constitution to another
| |
− | *Modification of an existing constitution.[1]
| |
| Revolutions have occurred through [[human]] [[history]] and vary widely in terms of [[methods]], duration, and motivating [[ideology]]. Their results include major changes in [[culture]], [[economy]], and socio-political institutions. | | Revolutions have occurred through [[human]] [[history]] and vary widely in terms of [[methods]], duration, and motivating [[ideology]]. Their results include major changes in [[culture]], [[economy]], and socio-political institutions. |
| | | |
− | | + | Scholarly [[debates]] about what does and does not constitute a revolution center around several issues. Early studies of revolutions primarily [[analyzed]] [[events]] in European history from a [[psychological]] [[perspective]], but more modern examinations include global events and incorporate perspectives from several [[social sciences]], including [[sociology]] and [[political science]]. Several generations of scholarly [[thought]] on revolutions have generated many competing theories and contributed much to the current understanding of this [[complex]] [[phenomenon]].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution] |
− | Scholarly [[debates]] about what does and does not constitute a revolution center around several issues. Early studies of revolutions primarily [[analyzed]] [[events]] in European history from a [[psychological]] [[perspective]], but more modern examinations include global events and incorporate perspectives from several [[social sciences]], including [[sociology]] and [[political science]]. Several generations of scholarly [[thought]] on revolutions have generated many competing theories and contributed much to the current understanding of this [[complex]] [[phenomenon]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolution] | |
| ==Reference== | | ==Reference== |
| ^ Aristotle, The Politics V, tr. T.A. Sinclair (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1964, 1972), p. 190. | | ^ Aristotle, The Politics V, tr. T.A. Sinclair (Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1964, 1972), p. 190. |
Line 16: |
Line 19: |
| | | |
| ==External links== | | ==External links== |
− | * [[Hannah Arendt]], [http://www.iep.utm.edu/a/arendt.htm#H5 ''On Revolution''], 1963, Penguin Classics, New Ed edition: February 8, 1991. ISBN 014018421X | + | * [[Hannah Arendt]], [https://www.iep.utm.edu/a/arendt.htm#H5 ''On Revolution''], 1963, Penguin Classics, New Ed edition: February 8, 1991. ISBN 014018421X |
− | * [http://www.daemon.be/maarten/revolution.html Revolution in Political Risk Management] | + | * [https://www.daemon.be/maarten/revolution.html Revolution in Political Risk Management] |
− | * John Kekes, [http://www.city-journal.org/html/16_2_urbanities-robespierre.html Why Robespierre Chose Terror. The lessons of the first totalitarian revolution], City Journal, Spring 2006. | + | * John Kekes, [https://www.city-journal.org/html/16_2_urbanities-robespierre.html Why Robespierre Chose Terror. The lessons of the first totalitarian revolution], City Journal, Spring 2006. |
− | * Plinio Correa de Oliveira, [http://www.tfp.org/what_we_think/rcr.pdf ''Revolution and Counter-Revolution''], Foundation for a Christian, Third edition, 1993. ISBN 1877905275 | + | * Plinio Correa de Oliveira, [https://www.tfp.org/what_we_think/rcr.pdf ''Revolution and Counter-Revolution''], Foundation for a Christian, Third edition, 1993. ISBN 1877905275 |
− | * Michael Barken, [http://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=74&ItemID=11311 Regulating revolutions in Eastern Europe: Polyarchy and the National Endowment for Democracy], 1 November 2006. | + | * Michael Barken, [https://www.zmag.org/content/showarticle.cfm?SectionID=74&ItemID=11311 Regulating revolutions in Eastern Europe: Polyarchy and the National Endowment for Democracy], 1 November 2006. |
− | * [http://www.polyarchy.org/documents/revolution.html Polyarchy Documents: Revolution] | + | * [https://www.polyarchy.org/documents/revolution.html Polyarchy Documents: Revolution] |
− | * [http://www.dailyevergreen.com/story/29050 Vive la Révolution!: Revolution is an Indelible Phenomenon Throughout History] by Qasim Hussaini | + | * [https://www.dailyevergreen.com/story/29050 Vive la Révolution!: Revolution is an Indelible Phenomenon Throughout History] by Qasim Hussaini |
| | | |
| [[Category: Political Science]] | | [[Category: Political Science]] |