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[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Hind-swaraj.jpg|right|frame]]
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_Centur 1654]
==Definitions==
*1 : self-[[control]], self-command
*2 : [[government]] under the [[control]] and direction of the inhabitants of a [[political]] [[unit]] rather than by an outside [[authority]]; broadly : control of one's own affairs
==Description==
'''Self-governance''' is an [[abstract]] [[concept]] that refers to several scales of [[organization]].
It may refer to [[personal]] conduct or [[family]] [[units]] but more commonly refers to larger scale activities, i.e., [[profession]]s, industry bodies, [[religions]] and political units, up to and including [[autonomous]] regions and [[aboriginal]] peoples (or others within nation-states who enjoy some [[sovereign]] rights). It falls within the larger [[context]] of governance and principles such as consent of the governed, and may involve non-profit organizations and corporate governance.
It can be used to describe a people or [[group]] being able to [[exercise]] all of the [[necessary]] [[functions]] of [[power]] without [[intervention]] from any [[authority]] which they cannot themselves alter. Self rule is [[associated]] then in [[contexts]] where there is the end of colonial rule, absolute government or monarchy, as well as demands for [[autonomy]] by religious, ethnic or geographic regions which [[perceive]] themselves as being unrepresented or underrepresented in a national [[government]]. It is therefore a [[Foundation|fundamental]] tenet of republican government and [[democracy]] as well as nationalism. Gandhi's term "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaraj swaraj]" (see also "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satygraha satygraha]") is a branch of this self rule [[ideology]]. Another major proponent of self-rule when a [[government]]'s [[actions]] are immoral is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoreau Thoreau].
Generally when self-governance of nation-states is [[discussed]], it is called national [[sovereignty]] - a [[concept]] important in international [[law]].
Some [[degree]] of [[consensus]] [[decision]] making is usually involved in any self-governance [[system]], if only because [[individual]] members of the [[group]] may [[choose]] to violate the [[criteria]] for invoking outside [[authority]], break the code of [[silence]], or otherwise cause the group to lose its [[autonomy]]. For instance, any member of the mafia can, and many do, "rat" (inform) on their [[colleagues]], gaining a new [[identity]], e.g., via the FBI Witness protection program in the U.S.. Such [[betrayal]] ends the [[individuals]]' involvement in the [[group]], and he can no longer [[access]] its [[unique]] social capital. However, he will [[remember]] the instructional capital and possibly be able to restart activities without the help of his former group. To curtail this [[possibility]], most groups have very powerful means of [[coercion]] to prevent breakaway factions (or, in religions, "heresies") from competing directly with the old group.
[[Category: Political Science]]
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_Centur 1654]
==Definitions==
*1 : self-[[control]], self-command
*2 : [[government]] under the [[control]] and direction of the inhabitants of a [[political]] [[unit]] rather than by an outside [[authority]]; broadly : control of one's own affairs
==Description==
'''Self-governance''' is an [[abstract]] [[concept]] that refers to several scales of [[organization]].
It may refer to [[personal]] conduct or [[family]] [[units]] but more commonly refers to larger scale activities, i.e., [[profession]]s, industry bodies, [[religions]] and political units, up to and including [[autonomous]] regions and [[aboriginal]] peoples (or others within nation-states who enjoy some [[sovereign]] rights). It falls within the larger [[context]] of governance and principles such as consent of the governed, and may involve non-profit organizations and corporate governance.
It can be used to describe a people or [[group]] being able to [[exercise]] all of the [[necessary]] [[functions]] of [[power]] without [[intervention]] from any [[authority]] which they cannot themselves alter. Self rule is [[associated]] then in [[contexts]] where there is the end of colonial rule, absolute government or monarchy, as well as demands for [[autonomy]] by religious, ethnic or geographic regions which [[perceive]] themselves as being unrepresented or underrepresented in a national [[government]]. It is therefore a [[Foundation|fundamental]] tenet of republican government and [[democracy]] as well as nationalism. Gandhi's term "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swaraj swaraj]" (see also "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satygraha satygraha]") is a branch of this self rule [[ideology]]. Another major proponent of self-rule when a [[government]]'s [[actions]] are immoral is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoreau Thoreau].
Generally when self-governance of nation-states is [[discussed]], it is called national [[sovereignty]] - a [[concept]] important in international [[law]].
Some [[degree]] of [[consensus]] [[decision]] making is usually involved in any self-governance [[system]], if only because [[individual]] members of the [[group]] may [[choose]] to violate the [[criteria]] for invoking outside [[authority]], break the code of [[silence]], or otherwise cause the group to lose its [[autonomy]]. For instance, any member of the mafia can, and many do, "rat" (inform) on their [[colleagues]], gaining a new [[identity]], e.g., via the FBI Witness protection program in the U.S.. Such [[betrayal]] ends the [[individuals]]' involvement in the [[group]], and he can no longer [[access]] its [[unique]] social capital. However, he will [[remember]] the instructional capital and possibly be able to restart activities without the help of his former group. To curtail this [[possibility]], most groups have very powerful means of [[coercion]] to prevent breakaway factions (or, in religions, "heresies") from competing directly with the old group.
[[Category: Political Science]]
