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==Etymology==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] tīene, from tīen, adjective, ten; akin to Old High German zehan ten, [[Latin]] decem, [[Greek]] deka
*Date: before [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_Century 12th century]
==Definitions==
*1 : the 10th in a set or [[series]] <wears a ten>
*2 : something having 10 [[units]] or members
*3 : a 10-dollar bill
*4 : one deserving the highest rating; specifically : an exceptionally [[attractive]] [[person]]
==Description==
10 (ten) is an even [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number natural number] following 9 and preceding 11.
==In mathematics==
'''Ten''' is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_number composite number], its proper divisors being 1, 2 and 5. Ten is the smallest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noncototient noncototient], a [[number]] that cannot be [[expressed]] as the [[difference]] between any integer and the total number of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprime coprimes] below it.
Ten is the second discrete [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiprime semiprime] (2.5) and the second member of the (2.q) discrete semiprime family. Ten has an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sum aliquot sum] σ(n) of 8 and is accordingly the first discrete semiprime to be in deficit. All subsequent discrete semiprimes are in deficit. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sequence aliquot sequence] for 10 comprises five members (10,8,7,1,0) with this [[number]] being the second composite member of the 7-aliquot tree.
It is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sequence aliquot sum] of only one [[number]] the discrete semiprime 14.
Ten is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-meandric_number semi-meandric number].
Ten is the sum of the first [[three]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number prime numbers], of the four first numbers (1 + 2 + 3 + 4), of the square of the two first odd numbers and also of the first four [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial factorials] (0! + 1! + 2! + 3!). Ten is the eighth [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perrin_number Perrin number], preceded in the sequence by 5, 5, 7.
A polygon with ten sides is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decagon decagon], and 10 is a decagonal number. But it is also a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_number triangular number] and a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centered_triangular_number centered triangular number].
Ten is the number of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_queens_puzzle n-Queens Problem] solutions for n = 5.
==In numeral systems==
Ten is the base of the [[decimal]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system numeral system], by far the most common [[system]] of denoting [[numbers]] in both [[spoken]] and [[written]] [[language]]. Ten is the first two-digit [[number]] in [[decimal]] and thus the lowest number where the position of a numeral affects its [[value]]. Any integer written in the decimal system can be multiplied by ten by adding a zero to the end (e.g. 855 * 10 = 8550). The [[reason]] for the [[choice]] of ten is [[assumed]] to be that humans have ten fingers (digits).
The digit '1' followed by '0' is how the value of p is written in base p. (E.g. 16 in hexadecimal is 10.)
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numeral Roman numeral] for ten is X (which looks like two V's [the Roman numeral for 5] put together); it is thought that the V for five is derived from an open hand (five digits displayed). The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_numeral Chinese word numeral] for ten is 十, which resembles a cross.
[[Category: Mathematics]]
==Etymology==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] tīene, from tīen, adjective, ten; akin to Old High German zehan ten, [[Latin]] decem, [[Greek]] deka
*Date: before [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_Century 12th century]
==Definitions==
*1 : the 10th in a set or [[series]] <wears a ten>
*2 : something having 10 [[units]] or members
*3 : a 10-dollar bill
*4 : one deserving the highest rating; specifically : an exceptionally [[attractive]] [[person]]
==Description==
10 (ten) is an even [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_number natural number] following 9 and preceding 11.
==In mathematics==
'''Ten''' is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_number composite number], its proper divisors being 1, 2 and 5. Ten is the smallest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noncototient noncototient], a [[number]] that cannot be [[expressed]] as the [[difference]] between any integer and the total number of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprime coprimes] below it.
Ten is the second discrete [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiprime semiprime] (2.5) and the second member of the (2.q) discrete semiprime family. Ten has an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sum aliquot sum] σ(n) of 8 and is accordingly the first discrete semiprime to be in deficit. All subsequent discrete semiprimes are in deficit. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sequence aliquot sequence] for 10 comprises five members (10,8,7,1,0) with this [[number]] being the second composite member of the 7-aliquot tree.
It is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliquot_sequence aliquot sum] of only one [[number]] the discrete semiprime 14.
Ten is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-meandric_number semi-meandric number].
Ten is the sum of the first [[three]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number prime numbers], of the four first numbers (1 + 2 + 3 + 4), of the square of the two first odd numbers and also of the first four [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial factorials] (0! + 1! + 2! + 3!). Ten is the eighth [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perrin_number Perrin number], preceded in the sequence by 5, 5, 7.
A polygon with ten sides is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decagon decagon], and 10 is a decagonal number. But it is also a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_number triangular number] and a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centered_triangular_number centered triangular number].
Ten is the number of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_queens_puzzle n-Queens Problem] solutions for n = 5.
==In numeral systems==
Ten is the base of the [[decimal]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeral_system numeral system], by far the most common [[system]] of denoting [[numbers]] in both [[spoken]] and [[written]] [[language]]. Ten is the first two-digit [[number]] in [[decimal]] and thus the lowest number where the position of a numeral affects its [[value]]. Any integer written in the decimal system can be multiplied by ten by adding a zero to the end (e.g. 855 * 10 = 8550). The [[reason]] for the [[choice]] of ten is [[assumed]] to be that humans have ten fingers (digits).
The digit '1' followed by '0' is how the value of p is written in base p. (E.g. 16 in hexadecimal is 10.)
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_numeral Roman numeral] for ten is X (which looks like two V's [the Roman numeral for 5] put together); it is thought that the V for five is derived from an open hand (five digits displayed). The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_numeral Chinese word numeral] for ten is 十, which resembles a cross.
[[Category: Mathematics]]
