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A '''faculty''' is a division within a [[university]]  comprising one subject area, or a [[number]] of related subject areas (for the North American usage, referring to academic staff, see below). In North American usage such divisions are generally referred to as [[colleges]]  (e.g., "college of arts and sciences") or schools (e.g., "school of business"), but may also mix terminology (e.g., [[http://www.harvard.edu Harvard University] has a "faculty of arts and sciences" but a "[[law]] school").

A '''faculty''' is a division within a [[university]]  comprising one subject area, or a [[number]] of related subject areas (for the North American usage, referring to academic staff, see below). In North American usage such divisions are generally referred to as [[colleges]]  (e.g., "college of arts and sciences") or schools (e.g., "school of business"), but may also mix terminology (e.g., [[http://www.harvard.edu Harvard University] has a "faculty of arts and sciences" but a "[[law]] school").

The [[concept]] of a [[university]] with [[different]] faculties for different subjects dates back to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar_University Al-Azhar University], which had individual faculties for a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasah Madrasah], theological [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminary seminary], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia Islamic law] ]and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiqh jurisprudence], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_astronomy Islamic astronomy], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_philosophy Islamic philosophy], and [[logic]] in Islamic philosophy.

The [[concept]] of a [[university]] with [[different]] faculties for different subjects dates back to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar_University Al-Azhar University], which had individual faculties for a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrasah Madrasah], theological [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminary seminary], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia Islamic law] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiqh jurisprudence], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_astronomy Islamic astronomy], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_philosophy Islamic philosophy], and [[logic]] in Islamic philosophy.

The medieval [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Paris University of Paris], which served as a [[model]] for most of the later medieval [[universities]] in Europe, had four faculties: the Faculties of [[Theology]], [[Law]], [[Medicine]], and finally the Faculty of [[the Arts|Arts]], which every student had to graduate from in order to continue his [[training]] in one of the other three, sometimes known as the higher faculties. The [[privilege]] to [[establish]] these four faculties was usually part of all medieval charters for [[universities]], but not every university could in [[reality]] do so.

The medieval [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Paris University of Paris], which served as a [[model]] for most of the later medieval [[universities]] in Europe, had four faculties: the Faculties of [[Theology]], [[Law]], [[Medicine]], and finally the Faculty of [[the Arts|Arts]], which every student had to graduate from in order to continue his [[training]] in one of the other three, sometimes known as the higher faculties. The [[privilege]] to [[establish]] these four faculties was usually part of all medieval charters for [[universities]], but not every university could in [[reality]] do so.

The number of faculties has usually multiplied in modern universities, both through subdivisions of the [[traditional]] four faculties, and through the absorption of academic [[disciplines]] which have [[developed]] within originally [[vocation]]al schools, in areas such as [[engineering]] or [[agriculture]].

The number of faculties has usually multiplied in modern universities, both through subdivisions of the [[traditional]] four faculties, and through the absorption of academic [[disciplines]] which have [[developed]] within originally [[vocation]]al schools, in areas such as [[engineering]] or [[agriculture]].

== Additional North American usage==

== Additional North American usage==

In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_English North American English], the [[word]] faculty is also used as a [[collective]] noun for the [[academic]] staff of a [[university]]: senior [[teachers]], lecturers, and/or [[researchers]]. The term is most commonly used in this [[context]] in the United States and Canada, and generally includes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor professors] of various rank: assistant professors, associate professors, and (full) professors, usually [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenure tenured] (or tenure-track) in terms of their contract of employment.

In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_English North American English], the [[word]] faculty is also used as a [[collective]] noun for the [[academic]] staff of a [[university]]: senior [[teachers]], lecturers, and/or [[researchers]]. The term is most commonly used in this [[context]] in the United States and Canada, and generally includes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professor professors] of various rank: assistant professors, associate professors, and (full) professors, usually [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenure tenured] (or tenure-track) in terms of their contract of employment.