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| [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:India_independence.jpg|right|frame]] | | [[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:India_independence.jpg|right|frame]] |
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− | *Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_Century 1611] | + | *Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_Century 1611] |
| ==Definitions== | | ==Definitions== |
| *1 : not dependent: as a (1) : not subject to [[control]] by others : self-governing (2) : not affiliated with a larger controlling unit <an independent bookstore> | | *1 : not dependent: as a (1) : not subject to [[control]] by others : self-governing (2) : not affiliated with a larger controlling unit <an independent bookstore> |
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| :d : showing a [[desire]] for [[freedom]] <an independent manner> | | :d : showing a [[desire]] for [[freedom]] <an independent manner> |
| :e (1) : not determined by or capable of being deduced or derived from or [[expressed]] in terms of members (as [[axiom]]s or [[equation]]s) of the set under consideration; especially : having [[linear]] independence <an independent set of vectors> (2) : having the property that the joint [[probability]] (as of events or samples) or the joint probability [[density]] [[function]] (as of [[random]] variables) equals the product of the probabilities or probability density functions of separate occurrence | | :e (1) : not determined by or capable of being deduced or derived from or [[expressed]] in terms of members (as [[axiom]]s or [[equation]]s) of the set under consideration; especially : having [[linear]] independence <an independent set of vectors> (2) : having the property that the joint [[probability]] (as of events or samples) or the joint probability [[density]] [[function]] (as of [[random]] variables) equals the product of the probabilities or probability density functions of separate occurrence |
− | <center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''Independence''''', follow [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Independence '''''this link'''''].</center> | + | <center>For lessons on the [[topic]] of '''''Independence''''', follow [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Independence '''''this link'''''].</center> |
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| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
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| Independence can be the initial [[status]] of an emerging nation (often filling a political void), but is often an [[Liberation|emancipation]] from some dominating power. It can be argued that independence is a [[negative]] definition: the state of not being controlled by another [[power]] through colonialism, expansionism or imperialism. Independence may be obtained by decolonization, or by separation or dissolution. | | Independence can be the initial [[status]] of an emerging nation (often filling a political void), but is often an [[Liberation|emancipation]] from some dominating power. It can be argued that independence is a [[negative]] definition: the state of not being controlled by another [[power]] through colonialism, expansionism or imperialism. Independence may be obtained by decolonization, or by separation or dissolution. |
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− | Although the last three can often coincide with it, they are not to be confused with [[revolution]], which typically refers to the [[violent]] overthrow of a ruling [[authority]]. This sometimes only aims to redistribute power—with or without an element of emancipation, such as in democratization—within a state, which as such may remain unaltered. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution Russian October Revolution], for example, was not intended to seek national independence; the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Revolutionary_War United States Revolutionary War], however, was. | + | Although the last three can often coincide with it, they are not to be confused with [[revolution]], which typically refers to the [[violent]] overthrow of a ruling [[authority]]. This sometimes only aims to redistribute power—with or without an element of emancipation, such as in democratization—within a state, which as such may remain unaltered. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution Russian October Revolution], for example, was not intended to seek national independence; the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Revolutionary_War United States Revolutionary War], however, was. |
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− | [[Autonomy]] (in slight [[contrast]]) refers to a kind of independence which has been granted by an overseeing [[authority]] that itself still retains [[ultimate]] authority over that territory (see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devolution Devolution]). A protectorate refers to an autonomous region that depends upon a larger government for its protection as an autonomous region. The dates of established independence (or, to a lesser [[degree]], the commencement of [[revolution]]), are typically celebrated as a national holiday known as an independence day. | + | [[Autonomy]] (in slight [[contrast]]) refers to a kind of independence which has been granted by an overseeing [[authority]] that itself still retains [[ultimate]] authority over that territory (see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devolution Devolution]). A protectorate refers to an autonomous region that depends upon a larger government for its protection as an autonomous region. The dates of established independence (or, to a lesser [[degree]], the commencement of [[revolution]]), are typically celebrated as a national holiday known as an independence day. |
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− | Sometimes, a [[state]] wishing to achieve independence from a dominating [[power]] will issue a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_independence declaration of independence], the earliest surviving example being Scotland's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Arbroath Declaration of Arbroath], and the most recent example being Abkhazia's Act of State Independence. Another example is the U.S. [[Declaration of Independence]] issued in 1776. | + | Sometimes, a [[state]] wishing to achieve independence from a dominating [[power]] will issue a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_independence declaration of independence], the earliest surviving example being Scotland's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declaration_of_Arbroath Declaration of Arbroath], and the most recent example being Abkhazia's Act of State Independence. Another example is the U.S. [[Declaration of Independence]] issued in 1776. |
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− | Causes for a country or province wishing to seek independence are many. [[Disillusionment]] rising from the establishment is a [[cause]] widely used in separatist [[movements]], but it is usually severe [[economic]] [[difficulties]] that trigger these [[groups]] into [[action]]. The means can extend from peaceful [[demonstrations]], like in the case of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_independence_movement Indian independence] movement, to a [[violent]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_war civil war].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence] | + | Causes for a country or province wishing to seek independence are many. [[Disillusionment]] rising from the establishment is a [[cause]] widely used in separatist [[movements]], but it is usually severe [[economic]] [[difficulties]] that trigger these [[groups]] into [[action]]. The means can extend from peaceful [[demonstrations]], like in the case of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_independence_movement Indian independence] movement, to a [[violent]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_war civil war].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence] |
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− | [[Category: Politics]]
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| [[Category: Political Science]] | | [[Category: Political Science]] |