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==Etymology==
Medieval Latin anarchia, from [[Greek]], from anarchos having no ruler, from an- + archos ruler — more at arch-
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1539]
==Definitions==
*1 a : absence of [[government]]
:b : a [[state]] of lawlessness or [[political]] disorder due to the [[absence]] of governmental [[authority]]
:c : a [[utopian]] [[society]] of [[individuals]] who enjoy complete [[freedom]] without [[government]]
*2 a : [[absence]] or denial of any [[authority]] or established order
:b : [[absence]] of order : disorder <not manicured plots but a wild anarchy of [[nature]] — Israel Shenker>
==Description==
'''Anarchy''' (from ''Greek'': ἀναρχίᾱ anarchíā, "without ruler") may refer to any of the following:
* "No rulership or enforced [[authority]]."
* "A [[social]] [[state]] in which there is no governing [[person]] or [[group]] of people, but each [[individual]] has [[absolute]] [[liberty]] (without the implication of disorder.) But is bound by a [[social]] code ."
* "[[Absence]] of [[government]]; a state of lawlessness due to the [[absence]] or inefficiency of the supreme [[power]]; political disorder."
* "[[Absence]] or non-[[recognition]] of [[authority]] and order in any given [[sphere]]."
* "[[Acting]] without waiting for instructions or official permission... The [[root]] of anarchism is the single impulse to do it yourself: everything else follows from this."
==Anarchism==
Anarchists are those who advocate the [[absence]] of the [[state]], arguing that common sense would allow people to come [[together]] in [[agreement]] to form a [[functional]] [[society]] allowing for the [[participants]] to freely [[develop]] their own sense of [[morality]], [[ethics]] or principled [[behaviour]]. The rise of anarchism as a philosophical [[movement]] occurred in the mid 19th century, with its [[idea]] of [[freedom]] as [[being]] based upon [[political]] and [[economic]] self-rule. This occurred alongside the rise of the [[nation]]-state and large-scale [[industrial]] state [[capitalism]] or state-sponsored corporatism, and the [[political]] corruption that came with their successes.
Although anarchists share a rejection of the [[state]], they differ about [[economic]] arrangements and possible rules that would prevail in a stateless [[society]], ranging from no ownership, to complete common ownership, to supporters of [[private]] [[property]] and capitalist free market [[competition]]. For example, some forms of anarchism, such as that of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-collectivism anarcho-collectivism], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchist_communism anarcho-communism] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism anarcho-syndicalism] not only seek rejection of the [[state]], but also other [[systems]] which they perceive as authoritarian, which include [[capitalism]], capitalist markets, and title-based [[property]] ownership. In [[opposition]], a [[political]] [[philosophy]] known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-market_anarchism free-market anarchism], contemporary [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individualist_anarchism individualist anarchism] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism anarcho-capitalism], argues that a [[society]] without a [[state]] is a free market capitalist system that is [[Voluntary|voluntarist]] in [[nature]].
The word "anarchy" is often used by non-anarchists as a pejorative term, intended to connote a lack of [[control]] and a [[negative]]ly [[chaotic]] [[environment]]. However, anarchists still argue that anarchy does not imply [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihilism nihilism], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomie anomie], or the total [[absence]] of rules, but rather an anti-statist [[society]] that is based on the [[spontaneous]] order of [[free]] [[individuals]] in [[autonomous]] [[communities]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchy]
[[Category: Political Science]]
[[Category: Philosophy]]
==Etymology==
Medieval Latin anarchia, from [[Greek]], from anarchos having no ruler, from an- + archos ruler — more at arch-
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1539]
==Definitions==
*1 a : absence of [[government]]
:b : a [[state]] of lawlessness or [[political]] disorder due to the [[absence]] of governmental [[authority]]
:c : a [[utopian]] [[society]] of [[individuals]] who enjoy complete [[freedom]] without [[government]]
*2 a : [[absence]] or denial of any [[authority]] or established order
:b : [[absence]] of order : disorder <not manicured plots but a wild anarchy of [[nature]] — Israel Shenker>
==Description==
'''Anarchy''' (from ''Greek'': ἀναρχίᾱ anarchíā, "without ruler") may refer to any of the following:
* "No rulership or enforced [[authority]]."
* "A [[social]] [[state]] in which there is no governing [[person]] or [[group]] of people, but each [[individual]] has [[absolute]] [[liberty]] (without the implication of disorder.) But is bound by a [[social]] code ."
* "[[Absence]] of [[government]]; a state of lawlessness due to the [[absence]] or inefficiency of the supreme [[power]]; political disorder."
* "[[Absence]] or non-[[recognition]] of [[authority]] and order in any given [[sphere]]."
* "[[Acting]] without waiting for instructions or official permission... The [[root]] of anarchism is the single impulse to do it yourself: everything else follows from this."
==Anarchism==
Anarchists are those who advocate the [[absence]] of the [[state]], arguing that common sense would allow people to come [[together]] in [[agreement]] to form a [[functional]] [[society]] allowing for the [[participants]] to freely [[develop]] their own sense of [[morality]], [[ethics]] or principled [[behaviour]]. The rise of anarchism as a philosophical [[movement]] occurred in the mid 19th century, with its [[idea]] of [[freedom]] as [[being]] based upon [[political]] and [[economic]] self-rule. This occurred alongside the rise of the [[nation]]-state and large-scale [[industrial]] state [[capitalism]] or state-sponsored corporatism, and the [[political]] corruption that came with their successes.
Although anarchists share a rejection of the [[state]], they differ about [[economic]] arrangements and possible rules that would prevail in a stateless [[society]], ranging from no ownership, to complete common ownership, to supporters of [[private]] [[property]] and capitalist free market [[competition]]. For example, some forms of anarchism, such as that of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-collectivism anarcho-collectivism], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchist_communism anarcho-communism] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism anarcho-syndicalism] not only seek rejection of the [[state]], but also other [[systems]] which they perceive as authoritarian, which include [[capitalism]], capitalist markets, and title-based [[property]] ownership. In [[opposition]], a [[political]] [[philosophy]] known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-market_anarchism free-market anarchism], contemporary [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individualist_anarchism individualist anarchism] or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarcho-capitalism anarcho-capitalism], argues that a [[society]] without a [[state]] is a free market capitalist system that is [[Voluntary|voluntarist]] in [[nature]].
The word "anarchy" is often used by non-anarchists as a pejorative term, intended to connote a lack of [[control]] and a [[negative]]ly [[chaotic]] [[environment]]. However, anarchists still argue that anarchy does not imply [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihilism nihilism], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anomie anomie], or the total [[absence]] of rules, but rather an anti-statist [[society]] that is based on the [[spontaneous]] order of [[free]] [[individuals]] in [[autonomous]] [[communities]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchy]
[[Category: Political Science]]
[[Category: Philosophy]]
