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==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Middle French or Old Italian; Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, [[literally]], bench, of Germanic origin; akin to [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] benc
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]
==Definitions==
:''Topography''
*1: a mound, pile, or ridge raised above the [[surrounding]] level: as a : a piled-up mass of cloud or [[fog]]
:b : an undersea elevation rising especially from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental Shelf continental shelf]
*2: the rising ground bordering a [[lake]], [[river]], or [[sea]] or forming the edge of a cut or hollow
*3a : a steep slope (as of a hill)
:b : the lateral inward tilt of a [[surface]] along a [[curve]] or of a vehicle (as an airplane) when turning
*4: a protective or cushioning rim or piece
:''Business''
*1a : an [[establishment]] for the custody, loan, exchange, or issue of [[money]], for the extension of credit, and for facilitating the transmission of funds
:b obsolete : the table, counter, or place of [[business]] of a money changer
*2: a [[person]] conducting a [[gambling]] house or [[game]]; specifically : dealer
*3: a supply of something held in reserve: as a : the fund of supplies (as [[money]], chips, or pieces) held by the banker or dealer for use in a game
:b : a fund of pieces belonging to a game (as dominoes) from which the players draw
*4: a place where something is held available <[[memory]] banks>; especially : a depot for the [[collection]] and storage of a biological product <a blood bank>
==Description==
A [[bank]] is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and [[channels]] those deposits into lending [[activities]], either directly or through capital markets. A bank [[connects]] customers with capital deficits to customers with capital surpluses.
Banking is generally a highly regulated [[industry]], and [[government]] restrictions on financial activities by banks have varied over time and location. The current set of global bank capital [[standards]] are called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_II Basel II]. In some countries such as Germany, banks have historically owned major stakes in industrial [[corporations]] while in other countries such as the United States banks are prohibited from owning non-financial companies. In Japan, banks are usually the nexus of a cross-share holding entity known as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiretsu keiretsu]. In Iceland banks had very light regulation prior to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%932010_Icelandic_financial_crisis 2008 collapse].
The oldest bank still in existence is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_dei_Paschi_di_Siena Monte dei Paschi di Siena], headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank]
[[Category: Economics]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Middle French or Old Italian; Middle French banque, from Old Italian banca, [[literally]], bench, of Germanic origin; akin to [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] benc
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]
==Definitions==
:''Topography''
*1: a mound, pile, or ridge raised above the [[surrounding]] level: as a : a piled-up mass of cloud or [[fog]]
:b : an undersea elevation rising especially from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental Shelf continental shelf]
*2: the rising ground bordering a [[lake]], [[river]], or [[sea]] or forming the edge of a cut or hollow
*3a : a steep slope (as of a hill)
:b : the lateral inward tilt of a [[surface]] along a [[curve]] or of a vehicle (as an airplane) when turning
*4: a protective or cushioning rim or piece
:''Business''
*1a : an [[establishment]] for the custody, loan, exchange, or issue of [[money]], for the extension of credit, and for facilitating the transmission of funds
:b obsolete : the table, counter, or place of [[business]] of a money changer
*2: a [[person]] conducting a [[gambling]] house or [[game]]; specifically : dealer
*3: a supply of something held in reserve: as a : the fund of supplies (as [[money]], chips, or pieces) held by the banker or dealer for use in a game
:b : a fund of pieces belonging to a game (as dominoes) from which the players draw
*4: a place where something is held available <[[memory]] banks>; especially : a depot for the [[collection]] and storage of a biological product <a blood bank>
==Description==
A [[bank]] is a financial intermediary that accepts deposits and [[channels]] those deposits into lending [[activities]], either directly or through capital markets. A bank [[connects]] customers with capital deficits to customers with capital surpluses.
Banking is generally a highly regulated [[industry]], and [[government]] restrictions on financial activities by banks have varied over time and location. The current set of global bank capital [[standards]] are called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basel_II Basel II]. In some countries such as Germany, banks have historically owned major stakes in industrial [[corporations]] while in other countries such as the United States banks are prohibited from owning non-financial companies. In Japan, banks are usually the nexus of a cross-share holding entity known as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiretsu keiretsu]. In Iceland banks had very light regulation prior to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%E2%80%932010_Icelandic_financial_crisis 2008 collapse].
The oldest bank still in existence is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_dei_Paschi_di_Siena Monte dei Paschi di Siena], headquartered in Siena, Italy, which has been operating continuously since 1472.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank]
[[Category: Economics]]
