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, 18:19, 21 July 2011Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpgright|frame 61:2.1 This period was characterized by the further and rapid evolution of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wi...'
[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:The_eye_of_all_ur60.jpg|right|frame]]
61:2.1 This period was characterized by the further and rapid [[evolution]] of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental mammals], the more [[progressive]] forms of mammalian life developing during these times.
61:2.2 Although the early [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental mammals] sprang from [[carnivorous]] [[ancestors]], very soon herbivorous branches [[developed]], and, erelong, omnivorous mammalian families also sprang up. The [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiosperms angiosperms] were the principal [[food]] of the rapidly increasing [[mammals]], the modern land flora, including the [[majority]] of present-day [[plants]] and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees trees], having appeared during earlier periods.
61:2.3 35,000,000 years ago marks the beginning of the age of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental-mammalian] world [[domination]]. The southern land bridge was extensive, reconnecting the then enormous [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica Antarctic continent] with [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America], [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa South Africa], and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia Australia]. In spite of the massing of [[land]] in high latitudes, the world [[climate]] remained [[relatively]] mild because of the enormous increase in the size of the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropics tropic seas], nor was the [[land]] elevated sufficiently to produce [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciers glaciers]. Extensive lava flows occurred in [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland Greenland] and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland Iceland], some coal being deposited between these layers.
61:2.4 Marked [[changes]] were taking place in the fauna of the [[planet]]. The sea life was undergoing great [[modification]]; most of the present-day [[orders]] of [[marine]] life were in [[existence]], and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foraminifers foraminifers] continued to play an important role. The [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insects insect] life was much like that of the previous era. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florissant_Fossil_Beds_National_Monument Florissant fossil beds of Colorado] belong to the later years of these far-distant times. Most of the living [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insects insect] [[families]] go back to this period, but many then in [[existence]] are now [[extinct]], though their [[fossils]] remain.
61:2.5 On [[land]] this was pre-eminently the age of mammalian renovation and expansion. Of the earlier and more [[primitive]] [[mammals]], over one hundred [[species]] were [[extinct]] before this period ended. Even the mammals of large size and small [[brain]] soon perished. [[Brains]] and [[agility]] had replaced [[armor]] and size in the [[progress]] of [[animal]] [[survival]]. And with the [[dinosaur]] [[family]] on the decline, the mammals slowly assumed [[domination]] of the [[earth]], speedily and completely destroying the remainder of their [[reptilian]] [[ancestors]].
61:2.6 Along with the disappearance of the [[dinosaurs]], other and great [[changes]] occurred in the various branches of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurian saurian] family. The surviving members of the early [[reptilian]] families are turtles, snakes, and crocodiles, together with the venerable [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frogs frog], the only remaining [[group]] [[representative]] of man's earlier [[ancestors]].
61:2.7 Various [[groups]] of [[mammals]] had their [[origin]] in a [[unique]] [[animal]] now [[extinct]]. This [[carnivorous]] creature was something of a cross between a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cats cat] and a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seals seal]; it could live on [[land]] or in [[water]] and was highly [[intelligent]] and very [[active]]. In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe] the [[ancestor]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog canine] family evolved, soon giving rise to many [[species]] of small dogs. About the same time the gnawing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodents rodents], including beavers, squirrels, gophers, mice, and rabbits, appeared and soon became a notable form of life, very little [[change]] having since occurred in this [[family]]. The later deposits of this period contain the [[fossil]] remains of dogs, cats, coons, and weasels in [[ancestral]] [[form]].
61:2.8 30,000,000 years ago the modern [[types]] of mammals began to make their [[appearance]]. Formerly the [[mammals]] had lived for the greater part in the hills, being of the [[mountainous]] types; suddenly there began the [[evolution]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain plains] or hoofed type, the grazing [[species]], as differentiated from the clawed flesh eaters. These grazers sprang from an undifferentiated [[ancestor]] having five toes and forty-four teeth, which perished before the end of the age. Toe [[evolution]] did not progress beyond the three-toed stage throughout this period.
61:2.9 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horse], an outstanding example of [[evolution]], lived during these times in both [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], though his [[development]] was not fully completed until the later [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_Age ice age]. While the rhinoceros family appeared at the close of this period, it underwent its greatest expansion subsequently. A small hoglike creature also developed which became the [[ancestor]] of the many species of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Boar swine], peccaries, and hippopotamuses. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camels Camels] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llamas llamas] had their [[origin]] in North America about the middle of this period and overran the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains western plains]. Later, the llamas migrated to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America], the camels to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], and soon both were [[extinct]] in North America, though a few camels survived up to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice age].
61:2.10 About this time a notable thing occurred in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Cordillera_%28North_America%29 western North America]: The early [[ancestors]] of the ancient [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] first made their [[appearance]]. While this [[family]] cannot be regarded as true lemurs, their coming marked the [[establishment]] of the line from which the true [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] subsequently sprang.
61:2.11 Like the [[land]] serpents of a previous age which betook themselves to the [[seas]], now a whole tribe of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_mammals placental mammals] deserted the [[land]] and took up their residence in the [[oceans]]. And they have ever since remained in the sea, yielding the modern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whales whales], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphins dolphins], porpoises, seals, and sea lions.
61:2.12 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds bird life] of the [[planet]] continued to [[develop]], but with few important [[evolutionary]] [[changes]]. The [[majority]] of modern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds birds] were existent, including gulls, herons, flamingoes, buzzards, falcons, eagles, owls, quails, and ostriches.
61:2.13 By the close of this [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligocen Oligocene] period, covering ten million years, the [[plant]] life, together with the [[marine]] life and the [[land]] [[animals]], had very largely evolved and was present on [[earth]] much as today. Considerable specialization has subsequently appeared, but the [[ancestral]] [[forms]] of most living [[things]] were then alive.
<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_61 Go to Paper 61]</center>
<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>
[[Category:Paper 61 - The Mammalian Life Era on Urantia]]
61:2.1 This period was characterized by the further and rapid [[evolution]] of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental mammals], the more [[progressive]] forms of mammalian life developing during these times.
61:2.2 Although the early [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental mammals] sprang from [[carnivorous]] [[ancestors]], very soon herbivorous branches [[developed]], and, erelong, omnivorous mammalian families also sprang up. The [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiosperms angiosperms] were the principal [[food]] of the rapidly increasing [[mammals]], the modern land flora, including the [[majority]] of present-day [[plants]] and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trees trees], having appeared during earlier periods.
61:2.3 35,000,000 years ago marks the beginning of the age of [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutheria placental-mammalian] world [[domination]]. The southern land bridge was extensive, reconnecting the then enormous [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica Antarctic continent] with [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America], [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa South Africa], and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia Australia]. In spite of the massing of [[land]] in high latitudes, the world [[climate]] remained [[relatively]] mild because of the enormous increase in the size of the [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropics tropic seas], nor was the [[land]] elevated sufficiently to produce [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciers glaciers]. Extensive lava flows occurred in [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland Greenland] and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iceland Iceland], some coal being deposited between these layers.
61:2.4 Marked [[changes]] were taking place in the fauna of the [[planet]]. The sea life was undergoing great [[modification]]; most of the present-day [[orders]] of [[marine]] life were in [[existence]], and [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foraminifers foraminifers] continued to play an important role. The [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insects insect] life was much like that of the previous era. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florissant_Fossil_Beds_National_Monument Florissant fossil beds of Colorado] belong to the later years of these far-distant times. Most of the living [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insects insect] [[families]] go back to this period, but many then in [[existence]] are now [[extinct]], though their [[fossils]] remain.
61:2.5 On [[land]] this was pre-eminently the age of mammalian renovation and expansion. Of the earlier and more [[primitive]] [[mammals]], over one hundred [[species]] were [[extinct]] before this period ended. Even the mammals of large size and small [[brain]] soon perished. [[Brains]] and [[agility]] had replaced [[armor]] and size in the [[progress]] of [[animal]] [[survival]]. And with the [[dinosaur]] [[family]] on the decline, the mammals slowly assumed [[domination]] of the [[earth]], speedily and completely destroying the remainder of their [[reptilian]] [[ancestors]].
61:2.6 Along with the disappearance of the [[dinosaurs]], other and great [[changes]] occurred in the various branches of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurian saurian] family. The surviving members of the early [[reptilian]] families are turtles, snakes, and crocodiles, together with the venerable [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frogs frog], the only remaining [[group]] [[representative]] of man's earlier [[ancestors]].
61:2.7 Various [[groups]] of [[mammals]] had their [[origin]] in a [[unique]] [[animal]] now [[extinct]]. This [[carnivorous]] creature was something of a cross between a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cats cat] and a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seals seal]; it could live on [[land]] or in [[water]] and was highly [[intelligent]] and very [[active]]. In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe] the [[ancestor]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog canine] family evolved, soon giving rise to many [[species]] of small dogs. About the same time the gnawing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodents rodents], including beavers, squirrels, gophers, mice, and rabbits, appeared and soon became a notable form of life, very little [[change]] having since occurred in this [[family]]. The later deposits of this period contain the [[fossil]] remains of dogs, cats, coons, and weasels in [[ancestral]] [[form]].
61:2.8 30,000,000 years ago the modern [[types]] of mammals began to make their [[appearance]]. Formerly the [[mammals]] had lived for the greater part in the hills, being of the [[mountainous]] types; suddenly there began the [[evolution]] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain plains] or hoofed type, the grazing [[species]], as differentiated from the clawed flesh eaters. These grazers sprang from an undifferentiated [[ancestor]] having five toes and forty-four teeth, which perished before the end of the age. Toe [[evolution]] did not progress beyond the three-toed stage throughout this period.
61:2.9 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horse], an outstanding example of [[evolution]], lived during these times in both [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], though his [[development]] was not fully completed until the later [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_Age ice age]. While the rhinoceros family appeared at the close of this period, it underwent its greatest expansion subsequently. A small hoglike creature also developed which became the [[ancestor]] of the many species of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Boar swine], peccaries, and hippopotamuses. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camels Camels] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llamas llamas] had their [[origin]] in North America about the middle of this period and overran the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains western plains]. Later, the llamas migrated to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America], the camels to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe Europe], and soon both were [[extinct]] in North America, though a few camels survived up to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice age].
61:2.10 About this time a notable thing occurred in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Cordillera_%28North_America%29 western North America]: The early [[ancestors]] of the ancient [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] first made their [[appearance]]. While this [[family]] cannot be regarded as true lemurs, their coming marked the [[establishment]] of the line from which the true [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemurs lemurs] subsequently sprang.
61:2.11 Like the [[land]] serpents of a previous age which betook themselves to the [[seas]], now a whole tribe of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placental_mammals placental mammals] deserted the [[land]] and took up their residence in the [[oceans]]. And they have ever since remained in the sea, yielding the modern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whales whales], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphins dolphins], porpoises, seals, and sea lions.
61:2.12 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds bird life] of the [[planet]] continued to [[develop]], but with few important [[evolutionary]] [[changes]]. The [[majority]] of modern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds birds] were existent, including gulls, herons, flamingoes, buzzards, falcons, eagles, owls, quails, and ostriches.
61:2.13 By the close of this [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligocen Oligocene] period, covering ten million years, the [[plant]] life, together with the [[marine]] life and the [[land]] [[animals]], had very largely evolved and was present on [[earth]] much as today. Considerable specialization has subsequently appeared, but the [[ancestral]] [[forms]] of most living [[things]] were then alive.
<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_61 Go to Paper 61]</center>
<center>[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=The_Urantia_Text_-_Contents Go to Table of Contents]</center>
[[Category:Paper 61 - The Mammalian Life Era on Urantia]]
