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[[File:lighterstill.jpg]]
==Origin==
[[Latin]] ''pars orationis'' [[part of speech]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century circa 1553]
==Definitions==
*1a : to resolve (as a sentence) into component [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech] and [[describe]] them [[grammatically]]
:b : to describe grammatically by stating the part of speech and [[explaining]] the inflection and [[syntactical]] relationships
*2: to [[examine]] in a minute way : [[analyze]] critically <having trouble parsing … explanations for dwindling market shares — R. S. Anson>
==Description==
'''Parsing''' or ''syntactic analysis'' is the [[process]] of analysing a string of [[symbols]], either in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language natural language] or in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_languages computer languages], according to the rules of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_grammar formal grammar]. The term parsing comes from Latin ''pars (orationis),'' meaning part (of speech).
The term has slightly different [[meanings]] in different branches of [[linguistics]] and [[computer science]]. Traditional sentence parsing is often performed as a [[method]] of understanding the exact [[meaning]] of a sentence, sometimes with the aid of devices such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram sentence diagrams]. It usually emphasizes the importance of grammatical divisions such as subject and predicate.
Within [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_linguistics computational linguistics] the term is used to refer to the formal analysis by a computer of a sentence or other string of words into its constituents, resulting in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parse_tree parse tree] showing their syntactic relation to each other, which may also contain [[semantic]] and other [[information]].
The term is also used in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psycholinguistics psycholinguistics] when describing language [[comprehension]]. In this [[context]], parsing refers to the way that human beings analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or [[text]]) "in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech], syntactic relations, etc." This term is especially common when discussing what linguistic cues help speakers to [[interpret]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_path_sentence garden-path sentences].
Within computer science, the term is used in the [[analysis]] of computer languages, referring to the syntactic analysis of the input code into its component parts in order to [[facilitate]] the writing of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilers compilers] and interpreters.
The [[traditional]] grammatical [[exercise]] of ''parsing'', sometimes known as ''clause analysis'', involves breaking down a [[text]] into its component [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech] with an explanation of the [[form]], [[function]], and syntactic relationship of each part. This is determined in large part from study of the language's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugation_(grammar) conjugations] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declensions declensions], which can be quite intricate for heavily inflected languages. To parse a phrase such as 'man bites dog' involves noting that the singular noun 'man' is the subject of the sentence, the verb 'bites' is the third person singular of the present tense of the verb 'to bite', and the singular noun 'dog' is the object of the sentence. [[Techniques]] such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram sentence diagrams] are sometimes used to indicate relation between elements in the sentence.
Parsing was formerly central to the teaching of [[grammar]] throughout the [[English]]-speaking world, and widely regarded as basic to the use and understanding of [[written]] language. However the teaching of such techniques is no longer current.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing]
[[Category: Linguistics]]
==Origin==
[[Latin]] ''pars orationis'' [[part of speech]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century circa 1553]
==Definitions==
*1a : to resolve (as a sentence) into component [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech] and [[describe]] them [[grammatically]]
:b : to describe grammatically by stating the part of speech and [[explaining]] the inflection and [[syntactical]] relationships
*2: to [[examine]] in a minute way : [[analyze]] critically <having trouble parsing … explanations for dwindling market shares — R. S. Anson>
==Description==
'''Parsing''' or ''syntactic analysis'' is the [[process]] of analysing a string of [[symbols]], either in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language natural language] or in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_languages computer languages], according to the rules of a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formal_grammar formal grammar]. The term parsing comes from Latin ''pars (orationis),'' meaning part (of speech).
The term has slightly different [[meanings]] in different branches of [[linguistics]] and [[computer science]]. Traditional sentence parsing is often performed as a [[method]] of understanding the exact [[meaning]] of a sentence, sometimes with the aid of devices such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram sentence diagrams]. It usually emphasizes the importance of grammatical divisions such as subject and predicate.
Within [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_linguistics computational linguistics] the term is used to refer to the formal analysis by a computer of a sentence or other string of words into its constituents, resulting in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parse_tree parse tree] showing their syntactic relation to each other, which may also contain [[semantic]] and other [[information]].
The term is also used in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psycholinguistics psycholinguistics] when describing language [[comprehension]]. In this [[context]], parsing refers to the way that human beings analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or [[text]]) "in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech], syntactic relations, etc." This term is especially common when discussing what linguistic cues help speakers to [[interpret]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_path_sentence garden-path sentences].
Within computer science, the term is used in the [[analysis]] of computer languages, referring to the syntactic analysis of the input code into its component parts in order to [[facilitate]] the writing of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilers compilers] and interpreters.
The [[traditional]] grammatical [[exercise]] of ''parsing'', sometimes known as ''clause analysis'', involves breaking down a [[text]] into its component [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_of_speech parts of speech] with an explanation of the [[form]], [[function]], and syntactic relationship of each part. This is determined in large part from study of the language's [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugation_(grammar) conjugations] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Declensions declensions], which can be quite intricate for heavily inflected languages. To parse a phrase such as 'man bites dog' involves noting that the singular noun 'man' is the subject of the sentence, the verb 'bites' is the third person singular of the present tense of the verb 'to bite', and the singular noun 'dog' is the object of the sentence. [[Techniques]] such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_diagram sentence diagrams] are sometimes used to indicate relation between elements in the sentence.
Parsing was formerly central to the teaching of [[grammar]] throughout the [[English]]-speaking world, and widely regarded as basic to the use and understanding of [[written]] language. However the teaching of such techniques is no longer current.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing]
[[Category: Linguistics]]
