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'''Genetics''' (from Ancient [[Greek]] γενετικός genetikos, “genitive” and that from γένεσις genesis, “[[origin]]”[1][2][3]), a [[discipline]] of [[biology]], is the [[science]] of [[heredity]] and variation in living [[organisms]].[4][5] The [[fact]] that living [[things]] inherit traits from their [[parents]] has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and [[animals]] through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_breeding selective breeding]. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to [[understand]] the [[process]] of inheritance, only began with the work of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Mendel Gregor Mendel] in the mid-nineteenth century.[6] Although he did not know the physical basis for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heredity heredity], Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via discrete units of inheritance, which are now called genes.

'''Genetics''' (from Ancient [[Greek]] γενετικός genetikos, “genitive” and that from γένεσις genesis, “[[origin]]”), a [[discipline]] of [[biology]], is the [[science]] of [[heredity]] and variation in living [[organisms]].[4][5] The [[fact]] that living [[things]] inherit traits from their [[parents]] has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and [[animals]] through [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_breeding selective breeding]. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to [[understand]] the [[process]] of inheritance, only began with the work of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Mendel Gregor Mendel] in the mid-nineteenth century.[6] Although he did not know the physical basis for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heredity heredity], Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits via discrete units of inheritance, which are now called genes.

Genes correspond to regions within [[DNA]], a molecule composed of a chain of four different types of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotides nucleotides]—the sequence of these nucleotides is the genetic [[information]] organisms inherit. DNA naturally occurs in a double stranded form, with nucleotides on each strand complementary to each other. Each strand can act as a template for creating a new partner strand—this is the [[physical]] [[method]] for making copies of genes that can be inherited.

Genes correspond to regions within [[DNA]], a molecule composed of a chain of four different types of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleotides nucleotides]—the sequence of these nucleotides is the genetic [[information]] organisms inherit. DNA naturally occurs in a double stranded form, with nucleotides on each strand complementary to each other. Each strand can act as a template for creating a new partner strand—this is the [[physical]] [[method]] for making copies of genes that can be inherited.