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== Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] -->

== Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] -->

According to anthropologist [[Maurice Godelier]], a critical novelty in human society, compared humans closest biological relatives ([[chimpanzees]] and [[bonobos]]), is the parental role assumed by the males, which were unaware of their "father" connection.<ref>[[Maurice Godelier]], Métamorphoses de la parenté, 2004</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://newleftreview.org/?view=2592 |title=New Left Review - Jack Goody: The Labyrinth of Kinship |accessdate=2007-07-24}}</ref>

According to anthropologist [[Maurice Godelier]], a critical novelty in human society, compared humans closest biological relatives ([[chimpanzees]] and [[bonobos]]), is the parental role assumed by the males, which were unaware of their "father" connection.[[Maurice Godelier]], Métamorphoses de la parenté, 2004 [http://newleftreview.org/?view=2592] New Left Review - Jack Goody: The Labyrinth of Kinship

[[Gerhard Lenski]], a [[sociologist]], differentiates societies based on their level of technology, communication and economy: (1) hunters and gatherers, (2) simple agricultural, (3) advanced agricultural, (4) industrial.<ref>Lenski, G. 1974. ''Human Societies: An Introduction to Macrosociology.''</ref> This is somewhat similar to the system earlier developed by [[anthropologists]] [[Morton H. Fried]], a conflict theorist, and [[Elman Service]], an integration theorist, who have produced a system of classification for societies in all human cultures based on the evolution of [[social inequality]] and the role of the [[state]]. This system of classification contains four categories:

[[Gerhard Lenski]], a [[sociologist]], differentiates societies based on their level of technology, communication and economy: (1) hunters and gatherers, (2) simple agricultural, (3) advanced agricultural, (4) industrial.<ref>Lenski, G. 1974. ''Human Societies: An Introduction to Macrosociology.''</ref> This is somewhat similar to the system earlier developed by [[anthropologists]] [[Morton H. Fried]], a conflict theorist, and [[Elman Service]], an integration theorist, who have produced a system of classification for societies in all human cultures based on the evolution of [[social inequality]] and the role of the [[state]]. This system of classification contains four categories:

Also, [[cultural relativism]] as a widespread approach/ethic has largely replaced notions of "primitive," better/worse, or "progress" in relation to cultures (including their material culture/technology and social organization).

Also, [[cultural relativism]] as a widespread approach/ethic has largely replaced notions of "primitive," better/worse, or "progress" in relation to cultures (including their material culture/technology and social organization).

== Characteristics of society ==

== Characteristics of society ==