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==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French, from Vulgar Latin *mina, probably of [[Celtic]] [[origin]]; akin to Welsh mwyn ore
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]
==Definitions==
*1a : a pit or excavation in the [[earth]] from which [[mineral]] substances are taken
:b : an ore deposit
*2: a subterranean passage under an enemy position
*3: an encased explosive that is placed in the ground or in [[water]] and set to explode when disturbed
*4: a rich [[source]] of supply
==Description==
'''Mining''' is the extraction of valuable [[mineral]]s or other geological materials from the [[earth]], from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. The term also includes the removal of [[soil]]. Materials recovered by mining include [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_metals base metals], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_metals precious metals], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron iron], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium uranium], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal coal], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamonds diamonds], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone limestone], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_shale oil shale], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_salt rock salt] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potash potash]. Any material that cannot be grown through [[agricultural]] processes, or created [[artificially]] in a [[laboratory]] or factory, is usually mined. Mining in a wider sense comprises extraction of any non-renewable [[resource]] (e.g., [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum petroleum], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas natural gas], or even water).
Mining of stone and metal has been done since [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory pre-historic times]. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, [[analysis]] of the [[profit]] [[potential]] of a proposed mine, extraction of the [[desired]] materials and finally reclamation of the [[land]] to [[prepare]] it for other uses once the mine is closed.
The [[nature]] of mining processes creates a [[potential]] [[negative]] impact on the [[environment]] both during the mining operations and for years after the mine is closed. This impact has led to most of the world's nations adopting regulations to moderate the negative [[effects]] of mining operations. [[Safety]] has long been a concern as well, though [[modern]] [[practices]] have improved safety in mines significantly.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining]
[[Category: General Reference]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French, from Vulgar Latin *mina, probably of [[Celtic]] [[origin]]; akin to Welsh mwyn ore
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century]
==Definitions==
*1a : a pit or excavation in the [[earth]] from which [[mineral]] substances are taken
:b : an ore deposit
*2: a subterranean passage under an enemy position
*3: an encased explosive that is placed in the ground or in [[water]] and set to explode when disturbed
*4: a rich [[source]] of supply
==Description==
'''Mining''' is the extraction of valuable [[mineral]]s or other geological materials from the [[earth]], from an ore body, vein or (coal) seam. The term also includes the removal of [[soil]]. Materials recovered by mining include [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_metals base metals], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_metals precious metals], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron iron], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium uranium], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal coal], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamonds diamonds], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limestone limestone], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_shale oil shale], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_salt rock salt] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potash potash]. Any material that cannot be grown through [[agricultural]] processes, or created [[artificially]] in a [[laboratory]] or factory, is usually mined. Mining in a wider sense comprises extraction of any non-renewable [[resource]] (e.g., [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum petroleum], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas natural gas], or even water).
Mining of stone and metal has been done since [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory pre-historic times]. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, [[analysis]] of the [[profit]] [[potential]] of a proposed mine, extraction of the [[desired]] materials and finally reclamation of the [[land]] to [[prepare]] it for other uses once the mine is closed.
The [[nature]] of mining processes creates a [[potential]] [[negative]] impact on the [[environment]] both during the mining operations and for years after the mine is closed. This impact has led to most of the world's nations adopting regulations to moderate the negative [[effects]] of mining operations. [[Safety]] has long been a concern as well, though [[modern]] [[practices]] have improved safety in mines significantly.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining]
[[Category: General Reference]]
