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==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], ''quorum'' of justices of the peace, from [[Latin]], of whom, genitive plural of qui who; from the wording of the commission formerly issued to justices of the peace. Designated by the Latin quorum vos … unum ( duos, etc.) esse volumus ‘of whom we wish that you … be one (two, etc).’
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1602]
==Definitions==
*1: a select [[group]]
*2: the number (as a majority) of officers or members of a body that when duly assembled is legally competent to transact business
*3: a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormonism Mormon] body comprising those in the same grade of [[priesthood]]
==Description==
A '''quorum''' is the minimum number of members of a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliberative_assembly deliberative assembly] (a body that uses [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_procedure parliamentary procedure], such as a legislature) necessary to conduct the business of that group. According to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order ''Robert's Rules of Order''] Newly Revised, the "requirement for a ''quorum'' is protection against totally unrepresentative [[action]] in the name of the body by an unduly small number of persons."
The number of members that constitutes a ''quorum'' differs depending on the assembly and is usually provided for in that assembly's governing documents (for example, its [[constitution]], charter, bylaws or standing orders). The ''quorum'' may also be set by [[law]]. While a [[majority]] of members is often the ''quorum'' for legislative bodies it doesn't have to be. Often ordinary societies (voluntary associations) will have a smaller quorum. ''Robert's Rules'' provides that the quorum set in an [[organization]]'s bylaws "should approximate the largest number that can be depended on to attend any meeting except in very bad weather or other extremely unfavorable conditions."
In the [[absence]] of such a provision in the bylaws of a society or assembly, what constitutes a ''quorum'' differs. ''Robert's Rules'' provides that in such a case, a ''quorum'' in an assembly "whose real membership can be [[accurately]] determined at any time—that is, in a body having an enrolled membership composed only of persons who maintain their [[status]] as members in a prescribed manner—the ''quorum'' is a majority of the entire membership, by the common parliamentary law." In the meetings of a [[convention]], unless provided otherwise in the bylaws, a quorum is a majority of registered [[delegates]], even if some have departed. In a mass meeting, or "in a regular or properly called meeting" of an organization whose bylaws do not prescribe a ''quorum'' and whose membership is loosely determined, such as many religious congregations or [[alumni]] associations, "there is no minimum number of members who must be present for the valid [[transaction]] of business, or —as it is usually expressed—the quorum consists of those who attend the meeting."
In a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole Committee of the Whole] or its variants, a ''quorum'' is the same as the assembly unless otherwise provided in the assembly's bylaws or rules. In all other committees and boards, a ''quorum'' is a majority of the members of the board or committee unless the bylaws, the rule of the parent [[organization]], or the motion establishing the particular committee provide otherwise. According to ''Robert's Rules'', "a board or committee does not have the [[power]] to determine its quorum unless the bylaws so provide."
[[Category: Law]]
==Origin==
[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], ''quorum'' of justices of the peace, from [[Latin]], of whom, genitive plural of qui who; from the wording of the commission formerly issued to justices of the peace. Designated by the Latin quorum vos … unum ( duos, etc.) esse volumus ‘of whom we wish that you … be one (two, etc).’
*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1602]
==Definitions==
*1: a select [[group]]
*2: the number (as a majority) of officers or members of a body that when duly assembled is legally competent to transact business
*3: a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormonism Mormon] body comprising those in the same grade of [[priesthood]]
==Description==
A '''quorum''' is the minimum number of members of a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deliberative_assembly deliberative assembly] (a body that uses [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_procedure parliamentary procedure], such as a legislature) necessary to conduct the business of that group. According to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%27s_Rules_of_Order ''Robert's Rules of Order''] Newly Revised, the "requirement for a ''quorum'' is protection against totally unrepresentative [[action]] in the name of the body by an unduly small number of persons."
The number of members that constitutes a ''quorum'' differs depending on the assembly and is usually provided for in that assembly's governing documents (for example, its [[constitution]], charter, bylaws or standing orders). The ''quorum'' may also be set by [[law]]. While a [[majority]] of members is often the ''quorum'' for legislative bodies it doesn't have to be. Often ordinary societies (voluntary associations) will have a smaller quorum. ''Robert's Rules'' provides that the quorum set in an [[organization]]'s bylaws "should approximate the largest number that can be depended on to attend any meeting except in very bad weather or other extremely unfavorable conditions."
In the [[absence]] of such a provision in the bylaws of a society or assembly, what constitutes a ''quorum'' differs. ''Robert's Rules'' provides that in such a case, a ''quorum'' in an assembly "whose real membership can be [[accurately]] determined at any time—that is, in a body having an enrolled membership composed only of persons who maintain their [[status]] as members in a prescribed manner—the ''quorum'' is a majority of the entire membership, by the common parliamentary law." In the meetings of a [[convention]], unless provided otherwise in the bylaws, a quorum is a majority of registered [[delegates]], even if some have departed. In a mass meeting, or "in a regular or properly called meeting" of an organization whose bylaws do not prescribe a ''quorum'' and whose membership is loosely determined, such as many religious congregations or [[alumni]] associations, "there is no minimum number of members who must be present for the valid [[transaction]] of business, or —as it is usually expressed—the quorum consists of those who attend the meeting."
In a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_of_the_Whole Committee of the Whole] or its variants, a ''quorum'' is the same as the assembly unless otherwise provided in the assembly's bylaws or rules. In all other committees and boards, a ''quorum'' is a majority of the members of the board or committee unless the bylaws, the rule of the parent [[organization]], or the motion establishing the particular committee provide otherwise. According to ''Robert's Rules'', "a board or committee does not have the [[power]] to determine its quorum unless the bylaws so provide."
[[Category: Law]]
