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| ==Origin== | | ==Origin== |
| [[Greek]] ''dichotomia'' ("διχοτομία") , from ''dichotomos'' - ''dikho''-‘in [[two]], apart’, -''tomia'' - ‘cutting,’ from temnein ‘to cut, incision, excision of an object | | [[Greek]] ''dichotomia'' ("διχοτομία") , from ''dichotomos'' - ''dikho''-‘in [[two]], apart’, -''tomia'' - ‘cutting,’ from temnein ‘to cut, incision, excision of an object |
− | *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1610] | + | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century 1610] |
| ==Definitions== | | ==Definitions== |
| *1: a division into [[two]] especially mutually exclusive or [[contradictory]] groups or [[entities]] <the dichotomy between [[theory]] and [[practice]]>; also : the [[process]] or practice of making such a division <dichotomy of the population into two opposed classes> | | *1: a division into [[two]] especially mutually exclusive or [[contradictory]] groups or [[entities]] <the dichotomy between [[theory]] and [[practice]]>; also : the [[process]] or practice of making such a division <dichotomy of the population into two opposed classes> |
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| *jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and | | *jointly exhaustive: everything must belong to one part or the other, and |
| *mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts. | | *mutually exclusive: nothing can belong simultaneously to both parts. |
− | Such a partition is also frequently called a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartition bipartition]. | + | Such a partition is also frequently called a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipartition bipartition]. |
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| The two parts thus formed are [[complements]]. In [[logic]], the partitions are [[opposites]] if there exists a [[proposition]] such that it holds over one and not the other. | | The two parts thus formed are [[complements]]. In [[logic]], the partitions are [[opposites]] if there exists a [[proposition]] such that it holds over one and not the other. |
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| A ''false dichotomy'' is a logical [[fallacy]] consisting of a [[supposed]] dichotomy which fails one or both of the conditions: it is not jointly exhaustive and/or not mutually exclusive. In its most common form, two [[entities]] are presented as if they are exhaustive, when in fact other alternatives are possible. In some cases, they may be presented as if they are mutually exclusive although there is a broad middle ground (see also undistributed middle). | | A ''false dichotomy'' is a logical [[fallacy]] consisting of a [[supposed]] dichotomy which fails one or both of the conditions: it is not jointly exhaustive and/or not mutually exclusive. In its most common form, two [[entities]] are presented as if they are exhaustive, when in fact other alternatives are possible. In some cases, they may be presented as if they are mutually exclusive although there is a broad middle ground (see also undistributed middle). |
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− | ''Perceived Dichotomies'' are common in Western thought. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._P._Snow C. P. Snow] believes that Western society has become an [[argument]] [[culture]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultures ''The Two Cultures'']). In ''The Argument Culture'' (1998), [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah_Tannen Deborah Tannen] suggests that the [[dialogue]] of Western culture is characterized by a warlike atmosphere in which the winning side has [[truth]] (like a trophy). In such a [[dialogue]], the middle alternatives are virtually ignored.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichotomy] | + | ''Perceived Dichotomies'' are common in Western thought. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._P._Snow C. P. Snow] believes that Western society has become an [[argument]] [[culture]] ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Two_Cultures ''The Two Cultures'']). In ''The Argument Culture'' (1998), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deborah_Tannen Deborah Tannen] suggests that the [[dialogue]] of Western culture is characterized by a warlike atmosphere in which the winning side has [[truth]] (like a trophy). In such a [[dialogue]], the middle alternatives are virtually ignored.[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichotomy] |
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| [[Category: Logic]] | | [[Category: Logic]] |