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| ==Etymology== | | ==Etymology== |
| Middle French piedestal, from Old Italian piedestallo, from pie di stallo foot of a stall | | Middle French piedestal, from Old Italian piedestallo, from pie di stallo foot of a stall |
− | *Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1563] | + | *Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1563] |
| ==Definitions== | | ==Definitions== |
| *1 a : the [[support]] or foot of a late [[classic]] or neoclassic column | | *1 a : the [[support]] or foot of a late [[classic]] or neoclassic column |
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| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
− | Although in Syria, Asia Minor and Tunisia the Romans occasionally raised the columns of their temples or propylaea on square '''pedestals''', in [[Rome]] itself they were employed only to give greater importance to isolated columns, such as those of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajan%27s_Column Trajan] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoninus_Pius Antoninus], or as a podium to the columns employed decoratively in the Roman triumphal arches. | + | Although in Syria, Asia Minor and Tunisia the Romans occasionally raised the columns of their temples or propylaea on square '''pedestals''', in [[Rome]] itself they were employed only to give greater importance to isolated columns, such as those of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajan%27s_Column Trajan] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoninus_Pius Antoninus], or as a podium to the columns employed decoratively in the Roman triumphal arches. |
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− | The architects of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance Italian revival], however, conceived the [[idea]] that no order was complete without a pedestal, and as the orders were by them employed to divide up and decorate a building in several stories, the cornice of the pedestal was carried through and formed the sills of their windows, or, in open arcades, round a [[court]], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balustrade balustrade] of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_(architecture) arcade]. They also would seem to have considered that the height of the pedestal should correspond in its [[proportion]] with that of the column or pilaster it supported; thus in the church of Saint John Lateran, where the applied order is of considerable [[dimensions]], the pedestal is 13 feet (4.0 m) high instead of the ordinary height of 3 to 5 feet (1.5 m). | + | The architects of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance Italian revival], however, conceived the [[idea]] that no order was complete without a pedestal, and as the orders were by them employed to divide up and decorate a building in several stories, the cornice of the pedestal was carried through and formed the sills of their windows, or, in open arcades, round a [[court]], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balustrade balustrade] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_(architecture) arcade]. They also would seem to have considered that the height of the pedestal should correspond in its [[proportion]] with that of the column or pilaster it supported; thus in the church of Saint John Lateran, where the applied order is of considerable [[dimensions]], the pedestal is 13 feet (4.0 m) high instead of the ordinary height of 3 to 5 feet (1.5 m). |
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− | In the imperial China, a stone tortoise called bixi was traditionally used as the pedestal for important stele, especially those associated with emperors.[1] According to the 1396 version of the regulations issued by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynasty Ming Dynasty] founder, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor Hongwu Emperor], the highest [[nobility]] (those of the gong and hou ranks) and the officials of the top 3 ranks were eligible for bixi-based funerary tablets, while lower-level mandarins' steles were to stand on simple rectangular pedestals.[2] | + | In the imperial China, a stone tortoise called bixi was traditionally used as the pedestal for important stele, especially those associated with emperors.[1] According to the 1396 version of the regulations issued by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynasty Ming Dynasty] founder, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongwu_Emperor Hongwu Emperor], the highest [[nobility]] (those of the gong and hou ranks) and the officials of the top 3 ranks were eligible for bixi-based funerary tablets, while lower-level mandarins' steles were to stand on simple rectangular pedestals.[2] |
| ==Use in Popular Culture== | | ==Use in Popular Culture== |
| When a [[person]] overly [[Idol|idealizes]] someone (or something), it is often referred to as "putting one on a pedestal". | | When a [[person]] overly [[Idol|idealizes]] someone (or something), it is often referred to as "putting one on a pedestal". |
| ==Notes== | | ==Notes== |
| # Stele on the Back of Stone Tortoise (an overview of the Bixi tradition) | | # Stele on the Back of Stone Tortoise (an overview of the Bixi tradition) |
− | # de Groot, Jan Jakob Maria (1892), The Religious System of China, II, Brill Archive, pp. 451-452, http://www.archive.org/stream/religioussystem01groogoog#page/n105/mode/1up . | + | # de Groot, Jan Jakob Maria (1892), The Religious System of China, II, Brill Archive, pp. 451-452, https://www.archive.org/stream/religioussystem01groogoog#page/n105/mode/1up . |
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| [[Category: Sculpture]] | | [[Category: Sculpture]] |