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==Origin==
Hindi ''jaṅgal'' & Urdu ''jangal'' [[forest]], from [[Sanskrit]] ''jaṅgala'' desert region
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century 1776]
==Definitions==
*1a : an impenetrable thicket or tangled mass of tropical vegetation
:b : a tract overgrown with thickets or masses of vegetation
*2: a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobo hobo] camp
*3a (1) : a [[confused]] or disordered mass of objects : jumble (2) : something that baffles or [[frustrates]] by its tangled or [[complex]] character : [[maze]] <the jungle of housing laws — Bernard Taper>
:b : a place of ruthless [[struggle]] for [[survival]] <the [[city]] is a jungle where no one is safe after [[dark]] — Stuart Chase>
*4: electronic [[dance]] music that combines elements of techno, reggae, and hip-hop and is marked especially by an extremely fast beat
==Description==
'''Jungle''' ([[Sanskrit]]: जंगल) refers to the most dense, more or less impenetrable regions within a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest tropical rainforest] with an [[abundance]] of animal and plant life. The word jungle originates from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''jangala'' (जंगल) which referred to uncultivated [[land]]. Although the Sanskrit word refers to "dry land", it has been suggested that an Anglo-Indian [[interpretation]] led to its connotation as a dense "tangled thicket" while others have [[argued]] that a cognate word in Urdu did refer to [[forests]]. The term is prevalent in many [[languages]] of the Indian subcontinent, and Iranian plateau, particularly in Hindi and Persian.
The term jungle may still be used in [[technical]] [[contexts]] to describe the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest rainforest] biome, a forest characterised by extensive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity biodiversity] and densely tangled undergrowth including the young trees, vines and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liana lianas], and herbaceous plants.
As a [[metaphor]], ''jungle'' often refers to situations that are unruly or lawless, or where the only law is perceived to be "[[survival]] of the fittest". This [[reflects]] the view of "[[city]] people" that forests are such places. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upton_Sinclair Upton Sinclair] gave the title [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jungle ''The Jungle''] (1906) to his famous [[book]] about the life of workers at the Chicago Stockyards portraying the workers as being mercilessly [[exploited]] with no legal or other lawful recourse.
The term "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Law_of_the_Jungle The Law of the Jungle]" is also used in a similar [[context]], drawn from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling Rudyard Kipling]'s [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jungle_Book ''The Jungle Book''] (1894) - though in the [[society]] of jungle animals portrayed in that book and obviously meant as a [[metaphor]] for [[human]] [[society]], that phrase referred to an intricate code of laws which Kipling describes in detail, and not at all to a lawless [[chaos]].
[[Category: Biology]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]
==Origin==
Hindi ''jaṅgal'' & Urdu ''jangal'' [[forest]], from [[Sanskrit]] ''jaṅgala'' desert region
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century 1776]
==Definitions==
*1a : an impenetrable thicket or tangled mass of tropical vegetation
:b : a tract overgrown with thickets or masses of vegetation
*2: a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobo hobo] camp
*3a (1) : a [[confused]] or disordered mass of objects : jumble (2) : something that baffles or [[frustrates]] by its tangled or [[complex]] character : [[maze]] <the jungle of housing laws — Bernard Taper>
:b : a place of ruthless [[struggle]] for [[survival]] <the [[city]] is a jungle where no one is safe after [[dark]] — Stuart Chase>
*4: electronic [[dance]] music that combines elements of techno, reggae, and hip-hop and is marked especially by an extremely fast beat
==Description==
'''Jungle''' ([[Sanskrit]]: जंगल) refers to the most dense, more or less impenetrable regions within a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rainforest tropical rainforest] with an [[abundance]] of animal and plant life. The word jungle originates from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''jangala'' (जंगल) which referred to uncultivated [[land]]. Although the Sanskrit word refers to "dry land", it has been suggested that an Anglo-Indian [[interpretation]] led to its connotation as a dense "tangled thicket" while others have [[argued]] that a cognate word in Urdu did refer to [[forests]]. The term is prevalent in many [[languages]] of the Indian subcontinent, and Iranian plateau, particularly in Hindi and Persian.
The term jungle may still be used in [[technical]] [[contexts]] to describe the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainforest rainforest] biome, a forest characterised by extensive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity biodiversity] and densely tangled undergrowth including the young trees, vines and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liana lianas], and herbaceous plants.
As a [[metaphor]], ''jungle'' often refers to situations that are unruly or lawless, or where the only law is perceived to be "[[survival]] of the fittest". This [[reflects]] the view of "[[city]] people" that forests are such places. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upton_Sinclair Upton Sinclair] gave the title [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jungle ''The Jungle''] (1906) to his famous [[book]] about the life of workers at the Chicago Stockyards portraying the workers as being mercilessly [[exploited]] with no legal or other lawful recourse.
The term "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Law_of_the_Jungle The Law of the Jungle]" is also used in a similar [[context]], drawn from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling Rudyard Kipling]'s [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jungle_Book ''The Jungle Book''] (1894) - though in the [[society]] of jungle animals portrayed in that book and obviously meant as a [[metaphor]] for [[human]] [[society]], that phrase referred to an intricate code of laws which Kipling describes in detail, and not at all to a lawless [[chaos]].
[[Category: Biology]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]
