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| In political science, the term is often used to mean the totality of human relationships, generally in contrast to ''[[state|the State]]'', i.e., the apparatus of rule or government within a territory: | | In political science, the term is often used to mean the totality of human relationships, generally in contrast to ''[[state|the State]]'', i.e., the apparatus of rule or government within a territory: |
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− | {{quotation|I mean by it [the State] that summation of privileges and dominating positions which are brought into being by extra-economic power... I mean by Society, the totality of concepts of all purely natural relations and institutions between man and man...[http://www.opp.uni-wuppertal.de/oppenheimer/st/state0.htm] Franz Oppenheimer, ''The State.''
| + | "I mean by it [the State] that summation of privileges and dominating positions which are brought into being by extra-economic power... I mean by Society, the totality of concepts of all purely natural relations and institutions between man and man..."[http://www.opp.uni-wuppertal.de/oppenheimer/st/state0.htm] Franz Oppenheimer, ''The State.'' |
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| In the [[social sciences]] such as [[sociology]], ''society'' has been used {{Fact|date=February 2007}}to mean a group of people that form a semi-closed [[social system]], in which most interactions are with other individuals belonging to the group. | | In the [[social sciences]] such as [[sociology]], ''society'' has been used {{Fact|date=February 2007}}to mean a group of people that form a semi-closed [[social system]], in which most interactions are with other individuals belonging to the group. |
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| 2. Many phenomena cannot be reduced to individual behavior – to explain certain conditions, a view of something "greater than the sum of its parts" is needed. | | 2. Many phenomena cannot be reduced to individual behavior – to explain certain conditions, a view of something "greater than the sum of its parts" is needed. |
| 3. Collectives often endure beyond the lifespan of individual members. | | 3. Collectives often endure beyond the lifespan of individual members. |
− | 4. The human condition has always meant going beyond the evidence of our senses; every aspect of our lives is tied to the collective. <ref> Jenkins, R. 2002. ''Foundations of Sociology.'' | + | 4. The human condition has always meant going beyond the evidence of our senses; every aspect of our lives is tied to the collective. Jenkins, R. 2002. ''Foundations of Sociology.'' |
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| == Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] --> | | == Evolution of societies ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Society]] --> |