The result of valence effects may be called [[wishful thinking]]. However, in some cases, positive outcome bias may actually alter events in some way so that it indeed results in a positive outcome. Examples of this have been known to occur in [[war]], when commanding officers have inspired their soldiers such that they are able to emerge victorious. | The result of valence effects may be called [[wishful thinking]]. However, in some cases, positive outcome bias may actually alter events in some way so that it indeed results in a positive outcome. Examples of this have been known to occur in [[war]], when commanding officers have inspired their soldiers such that they are able to emerge victorious. |