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Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpgright|frame ==Origin== Latin ''adjunct-us'' past participle of ''adjungĕre'' to join to *[http://en.wikipedia....'
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==Origin==
[[Latin]] ''adjunct-us'' past participle of ''adjungĕre'' to join to
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1588]
==Definitions==
*1: something joined or added to another [[thing]] but not [[essentially]] a [[part]] of it
*2a : a [[word]] or word [[group]] that qualifies or completes the [[meaning]] of another [[word]] or other words and is not itself a main structural element in its [[sentence]]
:b : an adverb or adverbial phrase (as heartily in “They ate heartily” or at noon in “We left at noon”) attached to the verb of a clause especially to [[express]] a [[relation]] of [[time]], place, [[frequency]], [[degree]], or [[manner]]
*3a : an [[associate]] or assistant of another
==Description==
In [[linguistics]], an '''adjunct''' is an optional, or structurally dispensable, part of a sentence that, when removed, will not affect the remainder of the sentence except to discard from it some auxiliary [[information]]. A more detailed [[definition]] of an adjunct is its [[attribute]] as a [[modifying]] [[form]], [[word]], or phrase which depends on another form, word, or phrase, being an element of clause [[structure]] with adverbial [[function]].
A simple example of this is as follows:
Take the sentence'' John killed Bill in Central Park on Sunday.'' In this sentence:
:1. '''John''' is the Subject
:2. '''killed''' is the Predicator
:3. '''Bill''' is the Object
:4. '''in Central Park''' is the first Adjunct
:5. '''on Sunday''' is the second Adjunct[3]
An adverbial adjunct is a sentence element that usually establishes the [[circumstances]] in which the [[action]] or state [[expressed]] by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb verb] take place.
The following sentence uses adjuncts of time and place:
:'''Yesterday''', Lorna saw the dog '''in the garden'''.
Notice that this example is ambiguous between whether the adjunct "in the garden" modifies the verb "saw" (in which case it is Lorna who saw the dog while she was in the garden) or the noun "the dog" (in which case it is the dog who is in the garden).
This definition can be extended to include adjuncts that modify [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun nouns] or other parts of speech (see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_adjunct noun adjunct]):
:The '''large''' dog '''in the garden''' is very friendly.
Adjuncts are always extranuclear; that is, removing an adjunct leaves a grammatically well-formed sentence. It is for this [[reason]] that "is very friendly" in the sentence above is not an adjunct; though it is adjectival, it [[acts]] as the predicate and its removal would render the sentence meaningless. However, optional [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_(linguistics) complements] are also often removable, so not all removable elements are adjuncts. They are [[contrasted]] with complements, which are elements directly selected by another element.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjunct_(grammar)]
[[Category: General Reference]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]
==Origin==
[[Latin]] ''adjunct-us'' past participle of ''adjungĕre'' to join to
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1588]
==Definitions==
*1: something joined or added to another [[thing]] but not [[essentially]] a [[part]] of it
*2a : a [[word]] or word [[group]] that qualifies or completes the [[meaning]] of another [[word]] or other words and is not itself a main structural element in its [[sentence]]
:b : an adverb or adverbial phrase (as heartily in “They ate heartily” or at noon in “We left at noon”) attached to the verb of a clause especially to [[express]] a [[relation]] of [[time]], place, [[frequency]], [[degree]], or [[manner]]
*3a : an [[associate]] or assistant of another
==Description==
In [[linguistics]], an '''adjunct''' is an optional, or structurally dispensable, part of a sentence that, when removed, will not affect the remainder of the sentence except to discard from it some auxiliary [[information]]. A more detailed [[definition]] of an adjunct is its [[attribute]] as a [[modifying]] [[form]], [[word]], or phrase which depends on another form, word, or phrase, being an element of clause [[structure]] with adverbial [[function]].
A simple example of this is as follows:
Take the sentence'' John killed Bill in Central Park on Sunday.'' In this sentence:
:1. '''John''' is the Subject
:2. '''killed''' is the Predicator
:3. '''Bill''' is the Object
:4. '''in Central Park''' is the first Adjunct
:5. '''on Sunday''' is the second Adjunct[3]
An adverbial adjunct is a sentence element that usually establishes the [[circumstances]] in which the [[action]] or state [[expressed]] by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb verb] take place.
The following sentence uses adjuncts of time and place:
:'''Yesterday''', Lorna saw the dog '''in the garden'''.
Notice that this example is ambiguous between whether the adjunct "in the garden" modifies the verb "saw" (in which case it is Lorna who saw the dog while she was in the garden) or the noun "the dog" (in which case it is the dog who is in the garden).
This definition can be extended to include adjuncts that modify [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun nouns] or other parts of speech (see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_adjunct noun adjunct]):
:The '''large''' dog '''in the garden''' is very friendly.
Adjuncts are always extranuclear; that is, removing an adjunct leaves a grammatically well-formed sentence. It is for this [[reason]] that "is very friendly" in the sentence above is not an adjunct; though it is adjectival, it [[acts]] as the predicate and its removal would render the sentence meaningless. However, optional [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_(linguistics) complements] are also often removable, so not all removable elements are adjuncts. They are [[contrasted]] with complements, which are elements directly selected by another element.[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjunct_(grammar)]
[[Category: General Reference]]
[[Category: Languages and Literature]]