Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] chirche, from [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] cirice, ultimately from Late Greek kyriakon, from [[Greek]], neuter of kyriakos of the lord, from kyrios lord, master; akin to [[Sanskrit]] śūra [[hero]], [[warrior]]

[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English] chirche, from [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._600-1100.09THE_OLD_ENGLISH.2C_OR_ANGLO-SAXON_PERIOD Old English] cirice, ultimately from Late Greek kyriakon, from [[Greek]], neuter of kyriakos of the lord, from kyrios lord, master; akin to [[Sanskrit]] śūra [[hero]], [[warrior]]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century before 12th Century]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century before 12th Century]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: a building for [[public]] and especially [[Christian]] [[worship]]

*1: a building for [[public]] and especially [[Christian]] [[worship]]

*2: the clergy or officialdom of a [[religious]] body

*2: the clergy or officialdom of a [[religious]] body

*3: often capitalized : a body or [[organization]] of religious believers: as  

*3: often capitalized : a body or [[organization]] of religious believers: as  

:a : the whole body of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity Christians]  

:a : the whole body of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity Christians]  

:b : [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denomination denomination] <the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_church Presbyterian church]>  

:b : [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denomination denomination] <the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_church Presbyterian church]>  

:c : [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_church congregation]

:c : [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_church congregation]

*4: a [[public]] [[divine]] [[worship]] <goes to church every Sunday>

*4: a [[public]] [[divine]] [[worship]] <goes to church every Sunday>

*5: the clerical [[profession]] <considered the church as a possible [[career]]>

*5: the clerical [[profession]] <considered the church as a possible [[career]]>

     allow for [[diversity]] by creating [[different]] groups within the church (e.g., orders of nuns or monks) rather than through the formation of new [[religions]]</blockquote>

     allow for [[diversity]] by creating [[different]] groups within the church (e.g., orders of nuns or monks) rather than through the formation of new [[religions]]</blockquote>

The classical example of a church by this definition is the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicism Roman Catholic Church], especially in the [[past]], such as the State church of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_empire Roman Empire]. Today, the Roman Catholic Church has been forced into the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Denominations denomination] category because of religious [[pluralism]], or [[competition]] among religions. This is especially true of Catholicism in the United States. The [[change]] from a church to a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Denominations denomination] is still under way in many Latin American countries where the [[majority]] of [[citizens]] remain Catholics.

The classical example of a church by this definition is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicism Roman Catholic Church], especially in the [[past]], such as the State church of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_empire Roman Empire]. Today, the Roman Catholic Church has been forced into the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Denominations denomination] category because of religious [[pluralism]], or [[competition]] among religions. This is especially true of Catholicism in the United States. The [[change]] from a church to a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Denominations denomination] is still under way in many Latin American countries where the [[majority]] of [[citizens]] remain Catholics.

[[Islam]] is a church in the strongest sense in most Middle Eastern countries (especially Saudi Arabia), where there is no [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state separation of church and state]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia The Basic Law of Saudi Arabia] states: "[The Constitution of Saudi Arabia is] God's Book [the [[Qur'an]]] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnah Sunnah] of His Prophet [[[Muhammad]]]". These nations are ruled under a strict [[interpretation]] of religious [[law]] (a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salafi Salafi] interpretation of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shari'a shari'a] in the case of KSA) with no equivalent secular legal system, or with religious law predominating, and never less than equal to secular law. Of all of Johnstone's criteria for a church, Islam is lacking only an [[ordained]] clergy and a strictly [[hierarchical]] [[structure]], but has a form of clergy and hierarchy in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema ulema]. In the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27a Shi'a] [[sects]], there is a [[professional]] clergy led by a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Ayatollah Grand Ayatollah].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Church_and_ecclesia]

[[Islam]] is a church in the strongest sense in most Middle Eastern countries (especially Saudi Arabia), where there is no [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state separation of church and state]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia The Basic Law of Saudi Arabia] states: "[The Constitution of Saudi Arabia is] God's Book [the [[Qur'an]]] and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnah Sunnah] of His Prophet [[[Muhammad]]]". These nations are ruled under a strict [[interpretation]] of religious [[law]] (a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salafi Salafi] interpretation of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shari'a shari'a] in the case of KSA) with no equivalent secular legal system, or with religious law predominating, and never less than equal to secular law. Of all of Johnstone's criteria for a church, Islam is lacking only an [[ordained]] clergy and a strictly [[hierarchical]] [[structure]], but has a form of clergy and hierarchy in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema ulema]. In the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%27a Shi'a] [[sects]], there is a [[professional]] clergy led by a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Ayatollah Grand Ayatollah].[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements#Church_and_ecclesia]

[[Category: Sociology]]

[[Category: Sociology]]

[[Category: Religion]]

[[Category: Religion]]