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Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpgright|frame *Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1535] ==Definitions== *1 : one born or reared in a particular...'
[[File:lighterstill.jpg]][[File:Indigenous.jpg|right|frame]]
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1535]
==Definitions==
*1 : one [[born]] or reared in a particular place
*2 a : an [[original]] or indigenous inhabitant
:b : something indigenous to a particular locality
*3 : a local resident; especially : a [[person]] who has always lived in a place as distinguished from a visitor or a temporary resident
==Description==
Indigenous peoples are any [[ethnic]] [[group]] who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest known [[historical]] [[connection]]. Other related terms for indigenous peoples include ''aborigines'', ''aboriginal people'', '''native''' people, first people, and autochthonous. "Indigenous peoples" may often be used in [[preference]] to these or other terms as a neutral replacement, where such terms may have taken on [[negative]] or pejorative connotations by their prior [[association]] and use. It is the preferred term in use by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations United Nations] and its subsidiary [[organizations]].
The adjective indigenous has the common [[meaning]] of "from" or "of the original [[origin]]". Therefore, in a [[purely]] adjectival sense any given people, ethnic [[group]] or [[community]] may be described as being indigenous in reference to some particular region or location.
Key to a contemporary understanding of "indigenousness" is the [[political]] role an ethnic [[group]] plays, for all other criteria usually taken to denote indigenous groups (territory, [[race]], [[history]], subsistence lifestyle, etc.) can, to a greater or lesser extent, also be applied to [[majority]] [[cultures]]. Therefore, the distinction applied to indigenous ethnic groups can be formulated as "a politically underprivileged group, who share a similar ethnic identity different to the nation in power, and who have been an ethnic entity in the locality before the present ruling nation took over power". However, the specific term indigenous peoples has a more restrictive [[interpretation]] when it used in the more [[formalized]], legalistic, and [[academic]] sense, [[associated]] with the [[collective]] rights of human [[populations]]. In these [[contexts]], the term is used to denote particular peoples and groups around the world who, as well as being native to or associated with some given territory, meet certain other criteria (such as having reached a [[social]] and [[technological]] plateau thousands of years ago).
==Criteria==
Drawing on these, a contemporary working definition of "indigenous people" for certain [[purposes]] has criteria which would seek to include [[cultural]] [[groups]] (and their continuity or [[association]] with a given region, or parts of a region, and who formerly or currently inhabit the region) either:
* before its subsequent colonization or annexation; or
* alongside other cultural groups during the formation of a nation-state; or
* independently or largely isolated from the influence of the claimed governance by a nation-state,
and who furthermore:
* have maintained at least in part their distinct [[linguistic]], [[cultural]] and social/organizational characteristics, and in doing so remain differentiated in some [[degree]] from the surrounding [[populations]] and dominant [[culture]] of the nation-state.
To the above, a criterion is usually added to also include:
* peoples who are self-identified as indigenous, and/or those recognized as such by other groups.
Note that even if all the above criteria are fulfilled, some people may either not consider themselves as indigenous or may not be considered as indigenous by [[governments]], [[organizations]] or [[scholars]]. The [[discourse]] of indigenous / non-indigenous may also be viewed within the [[context]] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonialism Postcolonialism] and the [[evolution]] of post-colonial societies. European ethnic groups such as the Greenlandic Norse, the Basque, the Serbs of Kosovo or the Maronite Christians in the Lebanon or the Jewish presence in Israel would all meet the criteria of indigenous people; but post-colonial [[discourse]] is predicated on European / technological advanced [[societies]] being the coloniser.
[[Category: Anthropology]]
*Date: [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_Century 1535]
==Definitions==
*1 : one [[born]] or reared in a particular place
*2 a : an [[original]] or indigenous inhabitant
:b : something indigenous to a particular locality
*3 : a local resident; especially : a [[person]] who has always lived in a place as distinguished from a visitor or a temporary resident
==Description==
Indigenous peoples are any [[ethnic]] [[group]] who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest known [[historical]] [[connection]]. Other related terms for indigenous peoples include ''aborigines'', ''aboriginal people'', '''native''' people, first people, and autochthonous. "Indigenous peoples" may often be used in [[preference]] to these or other terms as a neutral replacement, where such terms may have taken on [[negative]] or pejorative connotations by their prior [[association]] and use. It is the preferred term in use by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations United Nations] and its subsidiary [[organizations]].
The adjective indigenous has the common [[meaning]] of "from" or "of the original [[origin]]". Therefore, in a [[purely]] adjectival sense any given people, ethnic [[group]] or [[community]] may be described as being indigenous in reference to some particular region or location.
Key to a contemporary understanding of "indigenousness" is the [[political]] role an ethnic [[group]] plays, for all other criteria usually taken to denote indigenous groups (territory, [[race]], [[history]], subsistence lifestyle, etc.) can, to a greater or lesser extent, also be applied to [[majority]] [[cultures]]. Therefore, the distinction applied to indigenous ethnic groups can be formulated as "a politically underprivileged group, who share a similar ethnic identity different to the nation in power, and who have been an ethnic entity in the locality before the present ruling nation took over power". However, the specific term indigenous peoples has a more restrictive [[interpretation]] when it used in the more [[formalized]], legalistic, and [[academic]] sense, [[associated]] with the [[collective]] rights of human [[populations]]. In these [[contexts]], the term is used to denote particular peoples and groups around the world who, as well as being native to or associated with some given territory, meet certain other criteria (such as having reached a [[social]] and [[technological]] plateau thousands of years ago).
==Criteria==
Drawing on these, a contemporary working definition of "indigenous people" for certain [[purposes]] has criteria which would seek to include [[cultural]] [[groups]] (and their continuity or [[association]] with a given region, or parts of a region, and who formerly or currently inhabit the region) either:
* before its subsequent colonization or annexation; or
* alongside other cultural groups during the formation of a nation-state; or
* independently or largely isolated from the influence of the claimed governance by a nation-state,
and who furthermore:
* have maintained at least in part their distinct [[linguistic]], [[cultural]] and social/organizational characteristics, and in doing so remain differentiated in some [[degree]] from the surrounding [[populations]] and dominant [[culture]] of the nation-state.
To the above, a criterion is usually added to also include:
* peoples who are self-identified as indigenous, and/or those recognized as such by other groups.
Note that even if all the above criteria are fulfilled, some people may either not consider themselves as indigenous or may not be considered as indigenous by [[governments]], [[organizations]] or [[scholars]]. The [[discourse]] of indigenous / non-indigenous may also be viewed within the [[context]] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postcolonialism Postcolonialism] and the [[evolution]] of post-colonial societies. European ethnic groups such as the Greenlandic Norse, the Basque, the Serbs of Kosovo or the Maronite Christians in the Lebanon or the Jewish presence in Israel would all meet the criteria of indigenous people; but post-colonial [[discourse]] is predicated on European / technological advanced [[societies]] being the coloniser.
[[Category: Anthropology]]