Changes

61:4.4 In general, the life of the preceding period continued to [[evolve]] and spread. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat cat] family [[dominated]] the [[animal]] life, and [[marine]] life was almost at a standstill. Many of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horses horses] were still three-toed, but the modern types were arriving; llamas and giraffelike camels mingled with the horses on the grazing plains. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe giraffe] appeared in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa Africa], having just as long a neck then as now. In South America sloths, armadillos, anteaters, and the South American type of primitive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkeys monkeys] evolved. Before the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continents] were finally [[isolated]], those massive [[animals]], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodons mastodons], migrated everywhere except to Australia.

61:4.4 In general, the life of the preceding period continued to [[evolve]] and spread. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat cat] family [[dominated]] the [[animal]] life, and [[marine]] life was almost at a standstill. Many of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horses horses] were still three-toed, but the modern types were arriving; llamas and giraffelike camels mingled with the horses on the grazing plains. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe giraffe] appeared in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa Africa], having just as long a neck then as now. In South America sloths, armadillos, anteaters, and the South American type of primitive [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monkeys monkeys] evolved. Before the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continents continents] were finally [[isolated]], those massive [[animals]], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodons mastodons], migrated everywhere except to Australia.

61:4.5 5,000,000 years ago the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horse] evolved as it now is and from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] migrated to all the world. But the horse had become [[extinct]] on the continent of its origin long before the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA red man] arrived.

61:4.5 5,000,000 years ago the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse horse] evolved as it now is and from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] migrated to all the world. But the horse had become [[extinct]] on the continent of its origin long before the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA red man] arrived.

61:4.6 The [[climate]] was [[gradually]] getting cooler; the [[land]] [[plants]] were slowly moving southward. At first it was the increasing cold in the north that stopped [[animal]] migrations over the northern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmuses isthmuses]; subsequently these North American land bridges went down. Soon afterwards the [[land]] [[connection]] between [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa Africa] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America] finally submerged, and the Western Hemisphere was isolated much as it is today. From this time forward [[Different|distinct]] [[types]] of life began to [[develop]] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere Eastern] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Hemisphere Western Hemispheres].

61:4.6 The [[climate]] was [[gradually]] getting cooler; the [[land]] [[plants]] were slowly moving southward. At first it was the increasing cold in the north that stopped [[animal]] migrations over the northern [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isthmuses isthmuses]; subsequently these North American land bridges went down. Soon afterwards the [[land]] [[connection]] between [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africa Africa] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America] finally submerged, and the Western Hemisphere was isolated much as it is today. From this time forward [[Different|distinct]] [[types]] of life began to [[develop]] in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Hemisphere Eastern] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Hemisphere Western Hemispheres].

==61:6. PRIMITIVE MAN IN THE ICE AGE==

==61:6. PRIMITIVE MAN IN THE ICE AGE==

61:6.1 The great [[event]] of this [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciers glacial] period was the [[evolution]] of [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:1._PRIMITIVE_MAN primitive man]. Slightly to the west of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India], on [[land]] now under [[water]] and among the [[offspring]] of Asiatic migrants of the older North American [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:1._THE_EARLY_LEMUR_TYPES lemur types], the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:2._THE_DAWN_MAMMALS dawn mammals] suddenly appeared. These small [[animals]] walked mostly on their hind legs, and they [[possessed]] large [[brains]] in [[proportion]] to their size and in [[comparison]] with the brains of other [[animals]]. In the seventieth [[generation]] of this order of life a new and higher [[group]] of animals suddenly [[differentiated]]. These new [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:3._THE_MID-MAMMALS mid-mammals]—almost twice the size and height of their [[ancestors]] and [[possessing]] [[proportionately]] increased [[brain]] [[power]]—had only well [[established]] themselves when the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:4._THE_PRIMATES Primates], the third vital mutation, suddenly appeared. (At this same time, a [[retrograde]] [[development]] within the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:3._THE_MID-MAMMALS mid-mammal] stock gave [[origin]] to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simians simian] [[ancestry]]; and from that day to this the [[human]] branch has gone forward by [[progressive]] [[evolution]], while the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simians simian] tribes have remained stationary or have actually retrogressed.)

61:6.1 The great [[event]] of this [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaciers glacial] period was the [[evolution]] of [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:1._PRIMITIVE_MAN primitive man]. Slightly to the west of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India], on [[land]] now under [[water]] and among the [[offspring]] of Asiatic migrants of the older North American [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:1._THE_EARLY_LEMUR_TYPES lemur types], the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:2._THE_DAWN_MAMMALS dawn mammals] suddenly appeared. These small [[animals]] walked mostly on their hind legs, and they [[possessed]] large [[brains]] in [[proportion]] to their size and in [[comparison]] with the brains of other [[animals]]. In the seventieth [[generation]] of this order of life a new and higher [[group]] of animals suddenly [[differentiated]]. These new [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:3._THE_MID-MAMMALS mid-mammals]—almost twice the size and height of their [[ancestors]] and [[possessing]] [[proportionately]] increased [[brain]] [[power]]—had only well [[established]] themselves when the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:4._THE_PRIMATES Primates], the third vital mutation, suddenly appeared. (At this same time, a [[retrograde]] [[development]] within the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:3._THE_MID-MAMMALS mid-mammal] stock gave [[origin]] to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simians simian] [[ancestry]]; and from that day to this the [[human]] branch has gone forward by [[progressive]] [[evolution]], while the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simians simian] tribes have remained stationary or have actually retrogressed.)

61:6.2 1,000,000 years ago [[Urantia]] was registered as an [[inhabited world]]. A mutation within the stock of the progressing [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:4._THE_PRIMATES Primates] suddenly produced [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:5._THE_FIRST_HUMAN_BEINGS two primitive human beings], the actual [[ancestors]] of [[mankind]].

61:6.2 1,000,000 years ago [[Urantia]] was registered as an [[inhabited world]]. A mutation within the stock of the progressing [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:4._THE_PRIMATES Primates] suddenly produced [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_62#62:5._THE_FIRST_HUMAN_BEINGS two primitive human beings], the actual [[ancestors]] of [[mankind]].

61:6.3 This [[event]] occurred at about the time of the beginning of the third [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Major_ice_ages glacial advance]; thus it may be seen that your early [[ancestors]] were born and bred in a stimulating, invigorating, and [[difficult]] [[environment]]. And the sole [[survivors]] of these [[Urantia]] [[aborigines]], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimos Eskimos], even now prefer to dwell in frigid northern climes.

61:6.3 This [[event]] occurred at about the time of the beginning of the third [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Major_ice_ages glacial advance]; thus it may be seen that your early [[ancestors]] were born and bred in a stimulating, invigorating, and [[difficult]] [[environment]]. And the sole [[survivors]] of these [[Urantia]] [[aborigines]], the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimos Eskimos], even now prefer to dwell in frigid northern climes.

61:7.3 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia Asia] the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia Siberian] ice sheet made its southernmost invasion, while in Europe the advancing ice stopped just short of the mountain barrier of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps].

61:7.3 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia Asia] the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia Siberian] ice sheet made its southernmost invasion, while in Europe the advancing ice stopped just short of the mountain barrier of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps].

61:7.4 500,000 years ago, during the fifth advance of the ice, a new [[development]] accelerated the [[course]] of [[human]] [[evolution]]. Suddenly and in one [[generation]] the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64 six colored races] mutated from the [[aboriginal]] [[human]] stock. This is a doubly important date since it also marks the arrival of the [[Planetary Prince]].

61:7.4 500,000 years ago, during the fifth advance of the ice, a new [[development]] accelerated the [[course]] of [[human]] [[evolution]]. Suddenly and in one [[generation]] the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64 six colored races] mutated from the [[aboriginal]] [[human]] stock. This is a doubly important date since it also marks the arrival of the [[Planetary Prince]].

61:7.5 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] the advancing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Glacial_stages_in_North_America fifth glacier consisted of a combined invasion by all three ice centers]. The eastern lobe, however, extended only a short distance below the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Lawrence_valley St. Lawrence valley], and the western ice sheet made little southern advance. But the central lobe reached south to cover most of the State of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa Iowa]. In Europe this invasion of the ice was not so extensive as the preceding one.

61:7.5 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America] the advancing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Glacial_stages_in_North_America fifth glacier consisted of a combined invasion by all three ice centers]. The eastern lobe, however, extended only a short distance below the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Lawrence_valley St. Lawrence valley], and the western ice sheet made little southern advance. But the central lobe reached south to cover most of the State of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa Iowa]. In Europe this invasion of the ice was not so extensive as the preceding one.

61:7.13 The rigorous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age glacial period] destroyed many [[species]] and radically changed numerous others. Many were sorely sifted by the to-and-fro [[migration]] which was made [[necessary]] by the advancing and retreating ice. Those [[animals]] which followed the glaciers back and forth over the [[land]] were the bear, bison, reindeer, musk ox, mammoth, and mastodon.

61:7.13 The rigorous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age glacial period] destroyed many [[species]] and radically changed numerous others. Many were sorely sifted by the to-and-fro [[migration]] which was made [[necessary]] by the advancing and retreating ice. Those [[animals]] which followed the glaciers back and forth over the [[land]] were the bear, bison, reindeer, musk ox, mammoth, and mastodon.

61:7.14 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammoth mammoth] sought the open prairies, but the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodon mastodon] preferred the sheltered fringes of the forest regions. The mammoth, until a late date, ranged from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico Mexico] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada Canada]; the Siberian variety became wool covered. The mastodon persisted in North America until [[Annihilation|exterminated]] by the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA red man] much as the white man later killed off the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bison bison].

61:7.14 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammoth mammoth] sought the open prairies, but the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastodon mastodon] preferred the sheltered fringes of the forest regions. The mammoth, until a late date, ranged from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico Mexico] to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada Canada]; the Siberian variety became wool covered. The mastodon persisted in North America until [[Annihilation|exterminated]] by the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_64#64:6._THE_SIX_SANGIK_RACES_OF_URANTIA red man] much as the white man later killed off the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bison bison].

61:7.15 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America], during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Glacial_stages_in_North_America last glaciation], the horse, tapir, llama, and saber-toothed tiger became [[extinct]]. In their places sloths, armadillos, and water hogs came up from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America].

61:7.15 In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America North America], during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age#Glacial_stages_in_North_America last glaciation], the horse, tapir, llama, and saber-toothed tiger became [[extinct]]. In their places sloths, armadillos, and water hogs came up from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America South America].

61:7.16 The enforced [[migration]] of life before the advancing ice led to an extraordinary commingling of [[plants]] and of [[animals]], and with the retreat of the final ice invasion, many arctic [[species]] of both plants and animals were left stranded high upon certain [[mountain]] peaks, whither they had [[journey]]ed to [[escape]] destruction by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier glacier]. And so, today, these dislocated [[plants]] and [[animals]] may be found high up on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps] of Europe and even on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applachian_Mountains Appalachian Mountains] of North America.

61:7.16 The enforced [[migration]] of life before the advancing ice led to an extraordinary commingling of [[plants]] and of [[animals]], and with the retreat of the final ice invasion, many arctic [[species]] of both plants and animals were left stranded high upon certain [[mountain]] peaks, whither they had [[journey]]ed to [[escape]] destruction by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glacier glacier]. And so, today, these dislocated [[plants]] and [[animals]] may be found high up on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alps Alps] of Europe and even on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applachian_Mountains Appalachian Mountains] of North America.

61:7.17 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice age] is the last completed [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Geologic_timescale geologic period], the so-called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene Pleistocene], over two million years in length.

61:7.17 The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice age] is the last completed [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Geologic_timescale geologic period], the so-called [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene Pleistocene], over two million years in length.

61:7.18 35,000 years ago marks the termination of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age great ice age] excepting in the polar regions of the [[planet]]. This date is also significant in that it approximates the arrival of a [[Material Son and Daughter]] and the beginning of the [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:3._POST-ADAMIC_MAN Adamic dispensation], roughly corresponding to the beginning of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene Holocene] or postglacial period.

61:7.18 35,000 years ago marks the termination of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age great ice age] excepting in the polar regions of the [[planet]]. This date is also significant in that it approximates the arrival of a [[Material Son and Daughter]] and the beginning of the [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Paper_52#52:3._POST-ADAMIC_MAN Adamic dispensation], roughly corresponding to the beginning of the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene Holocene] or postglacial period.

61:7.19 This [[narrative]], extending from the rise of [[mammalian]] life to the retreat of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice] and on down to historic times, covers a span of almost fifty million years. This is the last—the current—[http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Geologic_timescale geologic period] and is known to your [[researchers]] as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenozoic Cenozoic] or recent-times era.

61:7.19 This [[narrative]], extending from the rise of [[mammalian]] life to the retreat of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age ice] and on down to historic times, covers a span of almost fifty million years. This is the last—the current—[https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=Geologic_timescale geologic period] and is known to your [[researchers]] as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cenozoic Cenozoic] or recent-times era.

61:7.20 Sponsored by a Resident [[Life Carrier]].

61:7.20 Sponsored by a Resident [[Life Carrier]].

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[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]

[[Category: PART III: The History of Urantia]]