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Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpg A '''cell''' is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of an organism that is clas...'
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A '''cell''' is the basic [[structural]] and [[function]]al unit of all known living [[organisms]]. It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as a living [[thing]], and is often called the building block of life.[1] Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular (consist of a single cell). Other organisms, such as [[humans]], are multicellular. (Humans have an estimated 100 trillion or 10 ¹⁴ cells; a typical cell size is 10 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometre µm]; a typical cell mass is 1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanogram nanogram].) The largest known cell is an unfertilized ostrich egg cell.[2]
In 1835 before the final cell theory was developed, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Evangelista_Purkyně Jan Evangelista Purkyně] observed small "granules" while looking at the plant tissue through a microscope. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_theory cell theory], first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, that vital [[function]]s of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information [[necessary]] for regulating cell functions and for [[transmitting]] [[information]] to the next generation of cells.[3]
The word cell comes from the Latin cellula, [[meaning]], a small room. The descriptive term for the smallest living biological [[structure]] was coined by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hooke Robert Hooke] in a [[book]] he published in 1665 when he compared the cork cells he saw through his microscope to the small rooms [[monks]] lived in.[4][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)]
==References==
# Cell Movements and the Shaping of the Vertebrate Body in Chapter 21 of Molecular Biology of the Cell fourth edition, edited by Bruce Alberts (2002) published by Garland Science.
The Alberts text discusses how the "cellular building blocks" move to shape developing embryos. It is also common to describe small molecules such as amino acids as "molecular building blocks".
# Campbell, Neil A.; Brad Williamson; Robin J. Heyden (2006). Biology: Exploring Life. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-250882-6.
# Maton, Anthea; Hopkins, Jean Johnson, Susan LaHart, David Quon Warner, Maryanna Wright, Jill D (1997). Cells Building Blocks of Life. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-423476-6.
# "... I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular [..] these pores, or cells, [..] were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this. . ." – Hooke describing his observations on a thin slice of cork. Robert Hooke
==External links==
* [http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidethecell/ Inside the Cell]
* [http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/ Virtual Cell's Educational Animations]
* [http://www.studiodaily.com/main/searchlist/6850.html The Inner Life of A Cell], a flash video showing what happens inside of a cell
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/virtualcell/tour/cell/cell.htm The Virtual Cell]
* [http://www.cellsalive.com/ Cells Alive!]
* [http://www.jcb.org/ Journal of Cell Biology]
* [http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/cell_bio.html The Biology Project > Cell Biology]
* [http://www.centreofthecell.org/ Centre of the Cell online]
* [http://cellimages.ascb.org/ The Image & Video Library of The American Society for Cell Biology], a collection of peer-reviewed still images, video clips and digital books that illustrate the structure, function and biology of the cell.
* Gall JG, McIntosh JR, eds (2001). ''[http://cellimages.ascb.org/cdm4/browse.php?CISOROOT=/p4041coll11 Landmark Papers in Cell Biology]''. Bethesda, MD and Cold Spring Harbor, NY: The American Society for Cell Biology and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2001. Commentaries and links to original research papers published in the ASCB Image & Video Library
[[Category: Biology]]
A '''cell''' is the basic [[structural]] and [[function]]al unit of all known living [[organisms]]. It is the smallest unit of an organism that is classified as a living [[thing]], and is often called the building block of life.[1] Some organisms, such as most bacteria, are unicellular (consist of a single cell). Other organisms, such as [[humans]], are multicellular. (Humans have an estimated 100 trillion or 10 ¹⁴ cells; a typical cell size is 10 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometre µm]; a typical cell mass is 1 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanogram nanogram].) The largest known cell is an unfertilized ostrich egg cell.[2]
In 1835 before the final cell theory was developed, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Evangelista_Purkyně Jan Evangelista Purkyně] observed small "granules" while looking at the plant tissue through a microscope. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_theory cell theory], first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that all cells come from preexisting cells, that vital [[function]]s of an organism occur within cells, and that all cells contain the hereditary information [[necessary]] for regulating cell functions and for [[transmitting]] [[information]] to the next generation of cells.[3]
The word cell comes from the Latin cellula, [[meaning]], a small room. The descriptive term for the smallest living biological [[structure]] was coined by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hooke Robert Hooke] in a [[book]] he published in 1665 when he compared the cork cells he saw through his microscope to the small rooms [[monks]] lived in.[4][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology)]
==References==
# Cell Movements and the Shaping of the Vertebrate Body in Chapter 21 of Molecular Biology of the Cell fourth edition, edited by Bruce Alberts (2002) published by Garland Science.
The Alberts text discusses how the "cellular building blocks" move to shape developing embryos. It is also common to describe small molecules such as amino acids as "molecular building blocks".
# Campbell, Neil A.; Brad Williamson; Robin J. Heyden (2006). Biology: Exploring Life. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-250882-6.
# Maton, Anthea; Hopkins, Jean Johnson, Susan LaHart, David Quon Warner, Maryanna Wright, Jill D (1997). Cells Building Blocks of Life. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-423476-6.
# "... I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular [..] these pores, or cells, [..] were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, that were ever seen, for I had not met with any Writer or Person, that had made any mention of them before this. . ." – Hooke describing his observations on a thin slice of cork. Robert Hooke
==External links==
* [http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/insidethecell/ Inside the Cell]
* [http://vcell.ndsu.nodak.edu/animations/ Virtual Cell's Educational Animations]
* [http://www.studiodaily.com/main/searchlist/6850.html The Inner Life of A Cell], a flash video showing what happens inside of a cell
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/virtualcell/tour/cell/cell.htm The Virtual Cell]
* [http://www.cellsalive.com/ Cells Alive!]
* [http://www.jcb.org/ Journal of Cell Biology]
* [http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/cell_bio.html The Biology Project > Cell Biology]
* [http://www.centreofthecell.org/ Centre of the Cell online]
* [http://cellimages.ascb.org/ The Image & Video Library of The American Society for Cell Biology], a collection of peer-reviewed still images, video clips and digital books that illustrate the structure, function and biology of the cell.
* Gall JG, McIntosh JR, eds (2001). ''[http://cellimages.ascb.org/cdm4/browse.php?CISOROOT=/p4041coll11 Landmark Papers in Cell Biology]''. Bethesda, MD and Cold Spring Harbor, NY: The American Society for Cell Biology and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 2001. Commentaries and links to original research papers published in the ASCB Image & Video Library
[[Category: Biology]]