Changes

==Origin==

==Origin==

French or Late Latin; French sarcasme, from Late Latin sarcasmos, from [[Greek]] sarkasmos, from sarkazein to tear [[flesh]], bite the lips in [[rage]], sneer, from sark-, sarx flesh; probably akin to Avestan thwarəs- to cut. It is first recorded in [[English]] in 1579, in an annotation to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shepheardes_Calender The Shepheardes Calender]: October:

French or Late Latin; French sarcasme, from Late Latin sarcasmos, from [[Greek]] sarkasmos, from sarkazein to tear [[flesh]], bite the lips in [[rage]], sneer, from sark-, sarx flesh; probably akin to Avestan thwarəs- to cut. It is first recorded in [[English]] in 1579, in an annotation to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shepheardes_Calender The Shepheardes Calender]: October:

<blockquote>Tom piper) An Ironicall [Sarcasmus], spoken in derision of these rude wits, whych make more account of a ryming rybaud,[7] then of skill grounded vpon learning and iudgment.—[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Spenser Edmund Spenser]</blockquote>

<blockquote>Tom piper) An Ironicall [Sarcasmus], spoken in derision of these rude wits, whych make more account of a ryming rybaud,[7] then of skill grounded vpon learning and iudgment.—[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Spenser Edmund Spenser]</blockquote>

The word comes from the late Greek σαρκασμός (sarkasmos) taken from the word σαρκάζειν meaning 'to tear flesh, gnash the teeth, speak bitterly'.[9] However, the ancient Greek word for the rhetorical concept of taunting was instead χλευασμός (chleyasmόs).

The word comes from the late Greek σαρκασμός (sarkasmos) taken from the word σαρκάζειν meaning 'to tear flesh, gnash the teeth, speak bitterly'.[9] However, the ancient Greek word for the rhetorical concept of taunting was instead χλευασμός (chleyasmόs).

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1550]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century 1550]

==Definitions==

==Definitions==

*1: a sharp and often satirical or [[ironic]] utterance designed to cut or give [[pain]]

*1: a sharp and often satirical or [[ironic]] utterance designed to cut or give [[pain]]

Hostile, [[critical]] comments may be expressed in an ironic way, such as saying "don't work too hard" to a [[lazy]] worker. The use of [[irony]] introduces an element of [[humor]] which may make the criticism seem more polite and less aggressive. Sarcasm can frequently be unnoticed in [[print]] form, often times requiring the inflection or [[tone]] of [[voice]] to indicate the quip.

Hostile, [[critical]] comments may be expressed in an ironic way, such as saying "don't work too hard" to a [[lazy]] worker. The use of [[irony]] introduces an element of [[humor]] which may make the criticism seem more polite and less aggressive. Sarcasm can frequently be unnoticed in [[print]] form, often times requiring the inflection or [[tone]] of [[voice]] to indicate the quip.

Cultural [[perspectives]] on sarcasm vary widely with more than a few cultures and [[linguistic]] groups finding it offensive to varying [[degrees]]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle Thomas Carlyle] despised it: "Sarcasm I now see to be, in general, the [[language]] of the [[devil]]; for which reason I have long since as good as renounced it". [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoyevsky Fyodor Dostoyevsky], on the other hand, [[recognized]] in it a cry of [[pain]]: Sarcasm, he said, was "usually the last refuge of [[modest]] and chaste-souled people when the [[privacy]] of their soul is coarsely and intrusively invaded." [http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1855 RFC 1855], a collection of guidelines for [[Internet]] [[communications]], even includes a [[warning]] to be especially careful with it as it "may not travel well".[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcasm]

Cultural [[perspectives]] on sarcasm vary widely with more than a few cultures and [[linguistic]] groups finding it offensive to varying [[degrees]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle Thomas Carlyle] despised it: "Sarcasm I now see to be, in general, the [[language]] of the [[devil]]; for which reason I have long since as good as renounced it". [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoyevsky Fyodor Dostoyevsky], on the other hand, [[recognized]] in it a cry of [[pain]]: Sarcasm, he said, was "usually the last refuge of [[modest]] and chaste-souled people when the [[privacy]] of their soul is coarsely and intrusively invaded." [https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1855 RFC 1855], a collection of guidelines for [[Internet]] [[communications]], even includes a [[warning]] to be especially careful with it as it "may not travel well".[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcasm]

[[Category: Languages and Literature]]

[[Category: Languages and Literature]]