Difference between revisions of "Petition"
(Created page with 'File:lighterstill.jpgright|frame ==Etymology== [http://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle E...') |
m (Text replacement - "http://" to "https://") |
||
| (One intermediate revision by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| − | [ | + | [https://nordan.daynal.org/wiki/index.php?title=English#ca._1100-1500_.09THE_MIDDLE_ENGLISH_PERIOD Middle English], from Anglo-French, from [[Latin]] petition-, petitio, from petere to seek, request |
| − | *Date: [ | + | *Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century] |
==Definitions== | ==Definitions== | ||
*1 : an [[earnest]] request : entreaty | *1 : an [[earnest]] request : entreaty | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
In the colloquial sense, a petition is a [[document]] addressed to some official and signed by numerous [[individuals]]. A petition may be [[oral]] rather than [[written]], and in this era may be [[transmitted]] via the [[Internet]]. The term also has a specific [[meaning]] in the [[legal]] [[profession]] as a request, directed to a [[court]] or [[administrative]] [[tribunal]], seeking some sort of relief such as a court order. | In the colloquial sense, a petition is a [[document]] addressed to some official and signed by numerous [[individuals]]. A petition may be [[oral]] rather than [[written]], and in this era may be [[transmitted]] via the [[Internet]]. The term also has a specific [[meaning]] in the [[legal]] [[profession]] as a request, directed to a [[court]] or [[administrative]] [[tribunal]], seeking some sort of relief such as a court order. | ||
| − | A petition can also be the title of a legal pleading that initiates a case to be heard before a [[court]]. The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only [[money]] (damages) might be titled (in most U.S. courts) a complaint; an initial pleading in a lawsuit seeking non-monetary or "equitable" relief such as a request for a writ of [ | + | A petition can also be the title of a legal pleading that initiates a case to be heard before a [[court]]. The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only [[money]] (damages) might be titled (in most U.S. courts) a complaint; an initial pleading in a lawsuit seeking non-monetary or "equitable" relief such as a request for a writ of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandamus mandamus] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habeas_corpus habeas corpus], or for custody of a [[child]] or for probate of a will, would instead be termed a petition. |
*Early history | *Early history | ||
| − | In pre-modern [ | + | In pre-modern [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_China Imperial China] petitions were always sent to an Office of Transmission (Tongzheng si or 通政司) where [[court]] [[secretaries]] would read petitions aloud to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_China emperor]. Petitions could be sent by anybody, from a [[scholar]]-official to a common farmer, although the petitions were more likely [[read]] to the emperor if they were persuasive enough to impeach questionable and corrupt local officials from office. When petitions arrived to the throne, multiple copies were made of the [[original]] and stored with the Office of Supervising Secretaries before the original written petition was sent to the emperor. |
| − | Petitions were a common form of protest and request to the [ | + | Petitions were a common form of protest and request to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_House_of_Commons British House of Commons] in the 18th and 19th centuries, the largest being the Great/People's Charter, or petition of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartists Chartists]. They are still presented in small numbers. |
| − | The Petition Clause of the [ | + | The Petition Clause of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution First Amendment] to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Constitution U.S. Constitution] guarantees the right of the people "to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." The right to petition has been held to include the right to file lawsuits against the [[government]]. |
[[Category: Law]] | [[Category: Law]] | ||
Latest revision as of 02:32, 13 December 2020
Etymology
Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin petition-, petitio, from petere to seek, request
- Date: 14th century
Definitions
- 1 : an earnest request : entreaty
- 2 a : a formal written request made to an official person or organized body (as a court)
- 3 : something asked or requested
Description
A petition is a request to change something, most commonly made to a government official or public entity. Petitions to a deity are a form of prayer.
In the colloquial sense, a petition is a document addressed to some official and signed by numerous individuals. A petition may be oral rather than written, and in this era may be transmitted via the Internet. The term also has a specific meaning in the legal profession as a request, directed to a court or administrative tribunal, seeking some sort of relief such as a court order.
A petition can also be the title of a legal pleading that initiates a case to be heard before a court. The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only money (damages) might be titled (in most U.S. courts) a complaint; an initial pleading in a lawsuit seeking non-monetary or "equitable" relief such as a request for a writ of mandamus or habeas corpus, or for custody of a child or for probate of a will, would instead be termed a petition.
- Early history
In pre-modern Imperial China petitions were always sent to an Office of Transmission (Tongzheng si or 通政司) where court secretaries would read petitions aloud to the emperor. Petitions could be sent by anybody, from a scholar-official to a common farmer, although the petitions were more likely read to the emperor if they were persuasive enough to impeach questionable and corrupt local officials from office. When petitions arrived to the throne, multiple copies were made of the original and stored with the Office of Supervising Secretaries before the original written petition was sent to the emperor.
Petitions were a common form of protest and request to the British House of Commons in the 18th and 19th centuries, the largest being the Great/People's Charter, or petition of the Chartists. They are still presented in small numbers.
The Petition Clause of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right of the people "to petition the Government for a redress of grievances." The right to petition has been held to include the right to file lawsuits against the government.
