Search results

...ipedia.org/wiki/United_states American] newspapers from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Several important African American newspapers are included. Incl

...contrasted with the grammatical [[analysis]] that began in the nineteenth century but came to fruition in the twentieth, which depends on [[linguistic]] [[re

...eltung). It is a term that takes on a more specialized [[meaning]] in 20th century [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_philosophy continental philosoph

*Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Century 15th century] ...een used since the [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century nineteenth century] to refer to interracial [[marriage]] and interracial [[sex]], and more gen

...the complete printed record of American literature from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

...ets and broadsides published in the first nineteen years of the nineteenth century. Based on the authoritative bibliography by Ralph B. Shaw and Richard H. Sh

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16th_century late 16th Century] ...ained an exclusively French [[practice]] for two centuries, the nineteenth century remained the classic era of the barricade. Contrary to a number of historic

...dia.org/wiki/Pragmatic_maxim pragmatic maxim]. Through the early twentieth-century it was developed further in the works of William James, [https://en.wikiped ...g/wiki/Richard_Rorty Richard Rorty], the most influential of the late 20th-century pragmatists.

...en the greatest comparative anatomist of the second half of the nineteenth century. His courses were composed of lectures and laboratory practical classes; an ...mented by other much-needed methods. The field of zoology in the twentieth century mainly comprised these approaches:

...ed man, strolling leisurely through the Parisian arcades of the nineteenth century--a shopper with no intention to buy, an [[intellectual]] parasite of the ar

...history of philosophy beginning from Descartes through the early twentieth century ending in Ludwig Wittgenstein. ...t sparked a storm of philosophical work in Germany in the early nineteenth century, beginning with [[German idealism]]. The characteristic theme of idealism w

...f practical knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, in the third century BC geometry was put into an axiomatic form by [[Euclid]], whose treatment s ...This played a key role in the emergence of [[calculus]] in the seventeenth century. Furthermore, the theory of perspective showed that there is more to geomet

...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decadent_movement Decadent movement]—late nineteenth century [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fin_de_si%C3%A8cle fin de siècle] [[writers

...e [[influenced]] by [[the Enlightenment]] (eighteenth and early nineteenth century Europe)

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century] ...E2.80.931930s:_Darwin_and_his_legacy Social evolutionary theorists] of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries worried over the defining characteristics of

*Date: [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_Century 14th century] ...tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom Britain] in the late nineteenth century, late in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution Industria

...s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbshow dumbshows] evolved. In early nineteenth century Paris, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Gaspard_Deburau Jean-Gaspard Deb

...ult of manifold [[change]]s occurring in the second half of the nineteenth century. Demographic and urban growth, industrialization, democracy, and religious ...and encourage [[religious]] [[belief]]. Until approximately the nineteenth century, most graduates of universities entered clerical careers, and most academic

===Nineteenth-century English usage=== ...tellectual", which first came into common use at the end of the nineteenth century, when it was used as a term for the defenders of [[Dreyfus]], see below. T

...[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War Cold War] in the mid to late 20th Century. In the contemporary political and cultural context, the Western World gene ...empires, and particularly the globe-spanning empires of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Since the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Discovery Age of

...end women’s [[oppression]]. Many of the [[ideological]] roots of twentieth-century liberal feminism trace back to Wollstonecraft. ...subsequent foreign interventions by the United States during the twentieth century. The vindicationist approach to foreign policy reached a peak with the wars

...//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregor_Mendel Gregor Mendel] in the mid-nineteenth century.[6] Although he did not know the physical basis for [https://en.wikipedia.o

...ing [[influence]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century twentieth-century] [[secularism]] will still blight the spiritual [[experience]] of millions ...e]] of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism nineteenth- and twentieth-century so-called science]—atheistic science. The mother of [https://en.wikipedia

...be until the late [https://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century nineteenth century] that engineers were able to put it to industrial and residential use. The

...theme. The term, which means 'little epic', came in use in the nineteenth century. It refers primarily to the type of erotic and mythological long elegy of w

The term ''public domain'' did not come into use until the mid-17th century, although as a [[concept]] "it can be traced back to the [https://en.wikipe ...aw. The phrase "fall in the public domain" can be traced to mid-nineteenth century France to describe the end of copyright term. The French poet [https://en.w

...in Western [[philosophy]] and cultural life, centered upon the eighteenth century, in which [[reason]] was advocated as the primary source and legitimacy for ...ication), signifying generally the philosophical outlook of the eighteenth century. However, the German term Aufklärung was not merely applied retrospectivel

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century 14th Century] ...rray of alarms and anti-theft devices. Some nineteenth and early twentieth century vaults were built so well that today they are almost impossible to destroy.

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century before 12th Century] .../wiki/Common_land common lands] in Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth century moved shepherding from independent [[nomads]] to employees of massive estat

...ious enthusiasm occurring between the early 18th century and the late 19th century. Each of these "Great Awakenings" was characterized by widespread revivals ...the late eighteenth century and lasting until the middle of the nineteenth century. While it occurred in all parts of the United States, it was especially str

...imes, children were regarded as not culpable for crimes. In the nineteenth century, children younger than seven years old were believed incapable of crime. Ch

Until the 19th century the dominant scientific [[beliefs]] in Europe were founded on the [[Bible|b The leading scientific proponent of catastrophism in the early nineteenth century was the French anatomist and paleontologist Georges Cuvier. His motivation

...and trade until the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century nineteenth century] after [[Christ]].

...all possibilities. When electricity was discovered in the late nineteenth century, many of the men of science of that time believed that electricity would no

...drous" + σαῦρος (sauros) "lizard". Through the first half of the twentieth century, most of the [[scientific]] [[community]] mistakenly believed dinosaurs to Since the first dinosaur [[fossils]] were recognized in the early nineteenth century, mounted dinosaur skeletons have been major [[attractions]] at museums arou

...that flourished in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century nineteenth-century] England and America were generally [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monism m ...America "alive and well, growing daily, and probably a strong suit for the century to come"

...ly for these neo-economist thinkers, these proofs belong to the nineteenth century, a time when the misery of the working classes made the right to work the c Perhaps man realizes himself in his forced labour? In the nineteenth century the concept of work retained a vestige of the notion of creativity. Zola de

...d legalized [[slavery]] in the United States. By the end of the nineteenth century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean, and its economy was the

...d new social, economic, scientific, ethical, and logical problems, '''20th-century philosophy''' was set for a series of attempts variously to reform, preserv ...philosophy, both of which had foundations in place at the beginning of the century. Advances in relativity, quantum, and nuclear physics, [[generative scienc

# Linda M. Austin, "The Lament and the Rhetoric of the Sublime" Nineteenth-Century Literature 53.3 (December 1998:279-306) traces the literary rhetoric evokin # Ellen Rosand, 2007. Opera in Seventeenth-Century Venice (University of California Press), "The lament aria: variations on a

...s and early automobiles to drive through, cut through it in the nineteenth century. Weakened by this large opening at its base, the tree fell down in 1969. ...de of land for preservation, something that was unheard of in the mid-19th century.

According to Richard Jeffrey, "Before the middle of the seventeenth century, the term 'probable' (Latin probabilis) meant approvable, and was applied i ...e from some elementary considerations made by Girolamo Cardano in the 16th century, the doctrine of probabilities dates to the correspondence of Pierre de Fer

...esses III]]'s reign written in the reign of [[Ramesses IV]]. [[Nineteenth-century]] [[Bible]] scholars identified the land of the Philistines (''Philistia'') ...d to [[Egypt]] up to the closing days of the [[Nineteenth dynasty of Egypt|Nineteenth Dynasty]] (ended [[1180s BC|1185 BC]]). The [[Bible|biblical]] stories of

...gical evolutionary ideas began to appear towards the end of the eighteenth century. A prominent exponent in England was the physician and naturalist Erasmus D ...ovidence, where all depends on God's grace. Although by the mid nineteenth century religious worries were still much in evidence, Charles Darwin met this chal

...strom date from the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_Century nineteenth century]. The first is the Edgar Allan Poe story "A Descent into the Maelström" (1

...the man alone, and these [[standards]] have [[persisted]] to the twentieth century among some peoples. ...s]] have always far [[transcended]] actual marriage [[morals]], and in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occident Occiden

..., synchronization was not important in transportation until the nineteenth century, when the coming of the railways made travel fast enough for the [[differen

...brated as an artistic and social ideal. Indeed, in mid- to late-nineteenth century America, sincerity was an [[idea]] reflected in [[manner]]isms, hairstyles,

...s an important Canadian [[psychiatry|psychiatrist]] in the late nineteenth century. An adventurer in his youth, he went on to study [[medicine]], practice ps ...''Victorian Lunacy : Richard M. Bucke and the Practice of Late Nineteenth-Century Psychiatry'', 1986, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-30999-9

Prior to the 17th century, the objective study of nature was known as [[natural philosophy]]. Over th ...owever the word did not enter general use until nearly the end of the same century.

...aqua vitae (alcohol) and of the mineral acids, both before the thirteenth century; the preparation of vitriol and the alums. ...post-Renaissance alchemical literature. An author quoted by the fifteenth-century Rosarium philosophorum declares that "only he who knows how to make the Phi

...l network, or system of economic exchange, exists today. By the nineteenth century, virtually every area on earth was incorporated into the [[capitalism|capit ...periphery to the core, and a core to the periphery. At the end of the 20th century, this zone would comprise, e.g., Eastern Europe, China, Brazil or Mexico. P

...nated in west-central Africa during the late nineteenth or early twentieth century.[9][10] AIDS was first recognized by the U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control

...re [[thought]] to have emerged in Victorian Britain in the late nineteenth century, late in the [[Industrial Revolution]]. Early factories required workers to # The “u” first appeared in the early sixteenth century, probably by analogy with words such as pleasure.[1]

Religions studies originated in late 19th century in Europe, when scholarly and historical [[analysis]] of the [[Bible]] had ...mad al-Shahrastani]]. [[Peter the Venerable]], also working in the twelfth century, studied Islam and made possible a Latin translation of the [[Koran|Qur'an]

...sovereignty]] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century twentieth century] after Christ. ...tury nineteenth]- and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20thcentury twentieth-century] [[illustration]]: The forty-eight states of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/

...ty]] – a distinctive theme in US sociology since the end of the nineteenth century. Ely Chinoy, in a 1960s standard textbook on sociology, says that socializa During the last quarter of the twentieth century the concept of ‘socialization’ has been much less central to debates in

...d mobility of labour due to the industrialisation and urbanisation of 19th century societies. It is sometimes argued that the freedom of expression, education ...ed in England and North America during the first decades of the nineteenth century and has since then spread across the globe.[Tilly, 2004]

===Early 20th Century=== ...social and cultural controversy within the United States. As the twentieth century began, the effects of modernism and secularism on American culture produced

...otle]], for example, wrote on all of these topics; and as late as the 17th century, these fields were still referred to as branches of "natural philosophy"). ...d cosmology, alongside his metaphysics and ethics. Even in the eighteenth century physics and chemistry were still classified as "natural philosophy", that i

...oss generations and its practitioners and transmitters. In the seventeenth century, [[England|English]] and [[France|French]] religious scholars popularized t ...he mid-eighteenth century and [[Thomas Jefferson]] in the early nineteenth century. In the United States academia tends to be politically progressive with 72%

...nown as "[[Ockham’s Razor]]" because of its frequent use by the fourteenth century philosopher [[William of Ockham]], whose primary statement of the principle ...t describes a branch of philosophy that originated in the early nineteenth century. [[Gottlob Frege]] was the first to apply it, when he expounded an epistemo

Biology as a separate [[science]] was developed in the nineteenth century, as scientists discovered that organisms shared fundamental characteristics Up into the [[19th century]], it was commonly believed that life forms could appear spontaneously unde

...aware individuals there were on the planet. You can look at the nineteenth century industrial revolution which changed the face of the planet basically and yo

...o the founders of the European [[credit union]] movement in the nineteenth century (such as [[Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen]]) and the founders of the [[microc

...[fiction]]al [[narrative]], typically in [[prose]]. Until the [[eighteenth century]], the word referred specifically to [[short fiction]]s of [[love]] and int During the 18th century the novel adopted features of the old romance and became one of the major l

...o prepare our view of the Master's Urmia teachings as adapted to twentieth-century religious and political conditions on Urantia. Accordingly, we three second Jesus' teachings at Urmia, as adapted to twentieth-century religious and political conditions:

...classical, seminal sociological theorists of the late 19th and early 20th century were greatly interested in [[religion]] and its effects on society. These t ...r, noteworthy for anticipating the “[[culture]] [[war]]s” of the late 20th century, especially their religious [[character]].

...he Tarot deck was probably invented in northern [[Italy]] in the fifteenth century. Other scholars who disagree with that theory point to a medieval origin of ...ille is one of the standards from which many tarot decks of the nineteenth century and later are derived.

...ks remained too expensive really to be called a mass-medium for at least a century after that. .../www.bl.uk/collections/britnews.html] ; but they took until the nineteenth century to reach a mass-audience directly.

===Nineteenth century=== With the late 19th century, attempts to apply equations to statements about [[human behavior]] became

In the nineteenth century, [[Charles Sanders Peirce]] defined what he termed "semiotic" (which he som

...erols.com/mwhite28/war-1900.htm Atlas - Wars and Democide of the Twentieth Century] ...es of black men as “violent brutes” that helped excuse the late nineteenth century [[Jim Crow laws]] in the United States,[https://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/brut

...often considered to be synonymous with '''astrophysics'''. Since the 20th century, the field of professional astronomy split into observational and theoretic ...gov/eclipse/SEsaros/SEsaros.html Eclipses and the Saros saros]. In the 2nd century BC, the size and distance of the Moon were estimated by [https://www-groups

...n, and to a formal treatment of a subject at length. In the late twentieth century, the concept was developed in two fields: cultural studies, examining the h ...er-Discourse: The Theory and Practice of Symbolic Resistance in Nineteenth-Century France, Ithaca/London 1985.

...ation 5)). Arnauld's theory was current until the middle of the nineteenth century. ...ng phrase "Socrates". This method became widely accepted in the twentieth century by the analytic school of philosophy.

...remaining tribes of earth and not rushing in like eighteenth or nineteenth century missionaries to convert native cultures without any real grasp of what they

...of psychic [[phenomena]] by major scientists started in the mid-nineteenth century; early researchers included [[Michael Faraday]], Alfred Russel Wallace, Ruf ...alleged psychics, as had been the case with the studies in the nineteenth century. The initial goal of these studies was to try and determine, by technical m

...ose out of more or less spontaneous relationships. But also after the 18th century, illicit relationships took on a more independent role. In bourgeois marria ...'The Art of Courtly Love'', as it is known in English) written in the 12th century lists such rules as "''Marriage is no real excuse for not loving''", "''He

...y replaces the gods on the stage. Now, although it is true that nineteenth-century theatre was merely one form of entertainment among others, we must not let

...y them out. At Nineveh, 22,000 tablets were found, dating from the seventh century BC; this was the archive and library of the kings of Assyria, who had works ...gamineum," which became "parchment." Its production began around the third century BC. Made using the skins of animals (sheep, cattle, donkey, antelope, etc.)

...onary of the History of Ideas'':] Theories of Beauty to the Mid-Nineteenth Century

...define as "new" everything after the advent of the Bahá'í Faith (mid-19th century). ...ge]] groups, have emerged, some of which originated in the late Nineteenth century in the Meiji Era and others in the aftermath of World War Two.

...and with secularization as a sociological or historical process. Twentieth-century scholars whose work has contributed to the understanding of these matters i ...ck, Owen (1975). The Secularization of the European mind in the nineteenth century. Cambridge University Press.

Satania rebellion was still being spread during the 18th and 19th century rise of nationalism and the in the nineteenth century, at least not then to the extent they became involved in the

Nineteenth century scientist [[Charles Darwin]], in his book ''The Expression of the Emotions

...ory is a relatively new academic enterprise, beginning in the [[nineteenth century]].<ref>Art History and Its Institutions: Foundations of a Discipline By Eli ...r [[Apelles]]. Similar, though independent, developments occurred in [[6th century]] [[China]], where a canon of worthy artists was established by writers in

...re''. ''Civilization'' can also refer to society as a whole. To nineteenth-century [[England|English]] [[anthropology|anthropologist]] [[Edward Burnett Tylor] ...to ''civility'', meaning politeness or civil virtue &mdash; until the 18th century.

...[[unconscious]], a [[concept]] that had existed for much of the nineteenth century. Freud determined that one of the most fruitful sites to explore the uncons ...children, denials of this idea have persisted into the early twenty-first century.

...lism: From the end of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_century first century] hairesis and the corresponding [[Hebrew]] word min were used in the deroga ...xperience]] of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century seventeenth-century religious wars] were [[minds]] ready for another [[perspective|view]] of th

...kness is the worst thing that can happen to civilization. In the twentieth century, death terrifies men less than the absence of real life. All these dead, me ...e responsibility for its cruelties to its victims themselves. A nineteenth century critic remarked: "Throughout contemporary literature we find the tendency t

...[[Deuteronomy]] (7:6, 14:2), a biblical text not written until the seventh century BCE. Underlying God's promises to [[Abraham]] and his descendants in [[Gene ...l be punished by God for their transgressions. Nevertheless, as the eighth-century prophet [[Hosea]] insists, punishment does not negate their election. Compa

...Apocalypse of John are interpreted as being fulfilled by events in the 1st century. ...se in the Ancient Church, (c. 1929), pp. 139-142, esp. p. 138 In the [[9th century]], it was included with the ''[[Apocalypse of Peter]]'' among "disputed" bo

...rkers whose low wages and wretched conditions do undeniably evoke the 19th century. "Backward sectors", comes the retort, "in the process of reabsorption". Ca ...were redirected to them at such great cost by the rebels of the nineteenth century. The insurgents of Lyon and Fourmies have certainly proved luckier dead tha

...ionary/socialism "Socialism"] Modern socialism originated in the late 19th-century [[intellectual]] and working class [[social movement|political movement]] t ...abor movement, until appearance of the Labour Party in the early twentieth century. The first U.S. socialist party was founded in 1876, then metamorphosed to

...[[Catania]], [[Sicily]] ([[264 BCE]]), which gave the incorrect time for a century, until the markings appropriate for the latitude of [[Rome]] were used ([[1 ...the past through the present. This was widely discussed in around the 3rd century CE.

The philosophical psychology prevalent before the end of the nineteenth century relied heavily on [[introspection]]. The speculations concerning the mind b

...hers for their "impious rites." Greek ''magikos'' is attested from the 1st century [[Plutarch]], typically appearing in the feminine, in μαγική τέχν ...influences [[destiny|fate]]." ''Sorceress'' appears also in the late 14th century, while ''sorcerer'' is attested only from 1526.

...] begins in Northern [[History of India|India]] with [[Pāṇini]], the [[5th century BC]] grammarian who formulated 3,959 rules of [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit] ...of [[science]], [[mathematics]], and other [[formal system]]s in the 20th century led many to attempt a formalization of the study of language as a "semantic

...nsisted of [[grammar]], logic, and [[rhetoric]]. Since the mid-nineteenth century ''formal logic'' has been studied in the context of [[foundations of mathem ...han two millennia, while symbolic logic is comparatively new, only about a century old.

Indeed, there were great illusions in the Nineteenth Century--of some soon-to-be discovered utopia, simply because they were disregardin

==121:1. THE OCCIDENT OF THE FIRST CENTURY AFTER CHRIST== ...and trade until the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century nineteenth century] after [[Christ]].

...emony]]. Even in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century twentieth century] it is still the [[custom]] under the [[Christian]] [[mores]] to stretch ca ...the man alone, and these [[standards]] have [[persisted]] to the twentieth century among some peoples.

...h they maintain begins only with Franz Anton Mesmer in the late eighteenth century. Another figure in the late nineteenth century associated with the so-called French, Swiss, English, and American psychoth

The late nineteenth and early twentieth century put memory within the paradigm of [[cognitive psychology]]. In recent decad

...The study of mind remained the province of philosophy until the nineteenth century, when [[experiment]]al [[psychology]] developed. Wilhelm Wundt and his stud

...gs as [[adapted]] to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century twentieth-century] religious and [[political]] conditions on [[Urantia]]. Accordingly, we thr ...sovereignty]] in the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century twentieth century] after Christ.

...ce to three notes, sounded simultaneously. An anonymous writer of the 13th century (CoussemakerS, i, 297) defined the concordantia (the simultaneity employed ...d imperfect consonances as ‘harmony’ (CoussemakerS, iii, 197); in the 17th century, among other prerequisites for the composition of contrappunto moderno, Chr

...by the beginning of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2nd_century second century] the very best of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greco-roman Greco-Roman] [ 195:1.9 In the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1st_century first century] after Christ, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenistic_civilization Hell

By the 18th century and the [[Age of Enlightenment]], the concept of creativity was appearing m ...ty, but ''it alone'' was so regarded. When later, at the turn of the 20th century, there began to be discussion of creativity in the sciences and in nature (

...edia.org/wiki/Social_Gospel Social Gospel] movement of the late nineteenth century and since the 1960s and 1970s has played a leading role in the progressive ...mong some low church evangelicals in the church. In the middle of the 19th century, [[Anglo Catholics]] began trying to drop "Protestant" from the church's ti

...') due in large part to [[American slavery ethics]]. Finally, for the past century or so, to be White one had to have "pure" White ancestry. (Utterly European ...ferent roles Blacks and Amerindians occupied in White-dominated nineteenth-century America. The theory suggests that the blood quantum definition of Native Am

...ect everything authentic." This was an original thought in the seventeenth century; at a time when the system of appearances was still hale, its coming crisis ...founded on exclusion from the poverty of the spectacle. By the nineteenth century, however, the distinction between good worker and bad worker had begun to g

...ald Heifetz (1994) traces the trait theory approach back to the nineteenth-century [[tradition]] of associating the [[history]] of [[society]] to the history

...efers to Yogic meditation that originated in India. In the late nineteenth century, [[Theosophy|Theosophists]] adopted the word "meditation" to refer to vario

It was thought at the turn of the twentieth century that the anticipated human scientific Such an epochal revelation was introduced as early as the last quarter of the nineteenth

1889 Advance (Chicago) 7 Mar. 191 The *home-seekers of the 19th Century Pilgrim Fathers. 1911 Daily Colonist (Victoria, B.C.) 1 Apr. 12/1 (Advt.), ...eb. Suppl. 8/1 When Denmark entered the trade at the end of the nineteenth century, bacon was still being produced from the whole sides in an adaptation of th